Background Breast cancer (BC) is known to be the second leading cause of cancer deaths after lung cancer in Saudi Arabia. Early detection using screening methods can improve disease outcomes. In Saudi Arabia, the rates of BC screening are very low although it is a country that provides free healthcare services. This discrepancy between the availability of free healthcare services and women not utilizing these services necessitates an in-depth understanding of the health-related beliefs and barriers towards BC screening among Saudi women. Objective We aimed to use the Health Belief Model (HBM) to predict the uptake of mammographic screening among Saudi women. The secondary objective was to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to BC and mammography screening. Research methodology This was an analytical cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire, which consisted of sociodemographic data, family history of BC, general information about BC, and the Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS). The study was conducted among Saudi women visiting the King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh from September 2018 to February 2019. The data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics software version 26.00 (IBM, Armonk, NY). Results A total of 401 females participated in the study; the median age of the subjects was 49 years [interquartile range (IQR): 43-53 years]. Among them, 69.6% were married and 21.1% had a family history of BC. There was a statistically significant association of younger age, marital status, and a positive family history of BC with women undergoing mammographic screening (p<0.05). Of the participants, 61.6% knew about the warning signs of BC, while only 59.9% were aware of the risk factors associated with it. The binary logistic regression did not show any significant association between CHBMS and mammogram screening. We concluded that the CHBMS components cannot be used in isolation to predict the risk of not undergoing mammogram screening. However, barriers and motivation components along with the knowledge and other factors can be used to predict mammogram screening. Conclusion Among our cohort of Saudi women, 62.1% had general awareness about BC, and younger age, marital status, and positive family history of BC were significantly associated with women undergoing mammography screening. The CHBMS components cannot be used in isolation to predict the risk of not undergoing mammogram screening, while barriers and motivation components along with the knowledge and other factors can be used to predict mammogram screening.
Background and Objectives: An inguinal hernia is usually repaired with synthetic nonabsorbable mesh, resulting in collagen formation, chronic inflammation, and fibrosis, with significantly reduced hernia recurrence. However, chronic pain may affect the quality of life. Poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB) mesh was introduced to minimize complications, and starts to degrade in 12-18 months. This study assesses the consequences and results of patients undergoing transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) inguinal hernia repair using P4HB mesh (Phasix TM , C.R. Bard Inc., Murray Hill, NJ, USA). Methods: We performed a pilot study of laparoscopic TAPP repair for inguinal hernias using P4HB mesh in 15 patients (14 male and one female) with an average age of 55.8 y, and an average body mass index of 27.4 kg/m 2. We assessed the recurrence rate and patients' chronic pain for 30 months, with institutional review board approval (E-19-3735). The study was conducted from January 2016 to July 2017 in Medical City, King Saud University. We measured postoperative pain, reactions, mesh sensation, discomfort, and recurrence. Results: In 15 patients, we encountered no recurrence or mesh sensation, except in one patient, who experienced mild chronic inguinal pain for one year, without activity restrictions. Conclusion: Laparoscopic TAPP inguinal hernia repair using P4HB mesh is safe for combined, direct (medial), and indirect (lateral) inguinal hernia, with no recurrence. P4HB absorbable mesh caused less chronic pain and discomfort. Longer follow-up, more patients and 15 patients repaired using synthetic mesh are necessary to assess the utility of P4HB for inguinal hernia repair globally.
Background: Repair of ventral and incisional hernias (VIHR) is a common procedure, newly introduced resorbable mesh biomaterials provide an attractive option to reduce the use of permanent synthetic mesh in hernia surgery and reduce its complications. However, data on the use of slowly resorbable mesh materials remains scarce, this study aims to evaluate the use of poly-4hydroxybutyrate/absorbable barrier composite mesh (P4HB/ABCM) in laparoscopic repair of VIHR.Methods: This is a retrospective study of a sequential cohort of patients undergoing laparoscopic VIHR utilizing a P4HB/ABCM mesh. Perioperative characteristics and clinical outcomes were collected.Results: In total, 26 patients including 10 females and 7 males underwent laparoscopic VIHR using P4HB/ABCM. All surgeries were performed in a single institution by the same surgeon. The average patient age was 52.6, and the mean BMI was 35.5. All patients had a clean wound classification. The average defect size was 136.4 cm 2 . All patients were seen in clinic with a median follow-up of 28 months.We observed 4 wound seromas, and no wound infections or recurrences during the follow-up period. Conclusion:Results of laparoscopic VIHR with P4HB/ ABCM are favorable and encourages further studies on the role of absorbable biosynthetic mesh materials in hernia surgery.
Background: In men, colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked third globally. Screening for colorectal cancer is necessary as it has a long duration between early and advanced stages. Thus, this study aimed to explore public awareness regarding colon cancer screening and barriers to delayed help-seeking among Saudi men. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted among Saudi males aged 45 to 75 years; who were eligible for colonoscopy screening and were not diagnosed with CRC yet. The Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM) self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from participants. Results: A total of 449 males participated in this study; around 51% had heard about CRC, and 17.4% had heard about colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) methods. Almost 4.5% reported shyness, as the barrier to do colonoscopy. Around 33%, 30%, 15-20%, and 18% men obtained the maximum score of knowledge regarding risk factors, signs and symptoms, susceptibility, and awareness of CRCS, respectively. The most known risk factor was smoking, and the highest factor for immediate help-seeking was the presence of blood in feces. The most important barriers were appointment scheduling, followed by fear of diagnosis, and the lowest barrier was transportation. Conclusion: The overall awareness of colorectal cancer screening was found among almost one-half of the participants. For instance, awareness should be increased, as early diagnosis is critical for reducing mortality due to colorectal cancer and for a better prognosis. Additionally, colorectal cancer has a high potential for treatment if detected early.
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