Background: Adequate knowledge regarding rst aid skills is highly important to save victim's life prior to hospital admission at the site of emergency/accident or any worsening illness. Recently, most of the medical colleges included formal rst aid training in new teaching curriculum (i.e. foundation course) among rst year medical students. To assess the level of Aim: knowledge among rst medical students after formal rst aid training This c Methodology: ross-sectional study was conducted during January 2020 among 137 rst year medical students. Data was collected by questionnaire method. Overall knowledge & each condition were graded based on the score as good, moderate & poor. Good knowledge was observed only in 0.7% (01/137) tot Results: al students, whereas moderate knowledge in 30% (42/137) & poor knowledge in 67% (93/137) students. Analysis of knowledge in selected conditions like adult & infant CPR was good (73.7% & 67%), but conditions like snake bite, frost bite, unconscious, myocardial infarction, choking etc had poor knowledge. Conclusion: The level of knowledge about rst aid was not good among majority of the students & study also identied the key areas where knowledge was lacking. Thus, there is a need for more number of activities to reinforce their knowledge periodically regarding rst aid in most of the medical conditions.

Background And Objective: Maternal anemia during pregnancy has huge adverse impact on both fetal and mother well being. The study aimed to determine the socio-demographic factors and to know the adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes. Methodology: A retrospective study was done from 2017 April to May 2020 April for a period of three years at PHC, Ankalagi, Belagavi. Over 718 pregnant women were enrolled. Regular ANC was done. Data was collected on Maternal Age, Body mass Index (BMI), Number of parity and Socio-economic determinants. A hemoglobin level was done for all trimesters. Hemoglobin levels were estimated by Sahil's hemoglobinometer method. Results: Mean age was 18±39 yrs. Anemia among pregnant women was 60.30%. Nearly 347(48.32%) were mild anemic (Hb: 9-10.9g/L), 84(11.69%) were moderately anemic(Hb :7-8.9g/L) & 8(1.11%)were severe anemic (Hb :<7g/L). Increased anemic showed in the maternal age group between 31-35years (96%) and in group of underweight of about 84% and in the parity with gravid 6&7 (100%). Maternal complications were in the form of preterm labour(3.06%), PPH(2.08%), LSCS(22.42%), abortions(14.90%), and neonatal outcomes were analyzed in terms of still born(0.4%) , low birth weight(11%), NICU admissions(2.36%), and neonatal death(0.13%). Conclusion: Anemia during pregnancy is associated with maternal and perinatal complications. It is one of the preventable causes which can decrease the maternal & fetal mortality. Should reinforce the health education from adolescent girls, with regular antenatal check up and active participation of ASHA workers. A more focussed approach is required towards pregnant women in rural areas.

Background And Objective: Iron deciency anemia, especially during the rst trimester has a more negative impact on both maternal & fetal well being. Commonly associated conditions are post partum haemorrhage, birth asphyxia, preeclampsia, low birth weight, preterm, abortions, still born and many more. Thus the study was aimed to determine the levels of haemoglobin in early pregnancy and effect of pregnancy outcomes at Primary Health Care, Ankalagi, Belagavi. Methodology: A retrospective study was done from 2017 April to May 2020 April for a period of three years at PHC, Ankalagi, Belagavi. Over 718 pregnant women were enrolled. Regular ANC was done. Data was collected on Maternal Age, Body mass Index (BMI), Number of parity and Socio-economic determinants. Other Demographic characteristics included rst trimester haemoglobin levels, gestational age at delivery & mode, birth weight, and pregnancy outcomes were recorded. Hemoglobin levels were estimated by Sahil's hemoglobinometer method. Categorised into four groups a) Normal :more than11g/L b) Mild anemia :9-10.9g/dl c) Moderate anemia (7-8.9g/dl) and d) Severe anemia (<7.0g/dl) Results: Mean age was 18±39 yrs. Nearly 39.75% were anemic in early pregnancy. Mild anemic were 20.75%(149), moderate anemic were18.10%(130)and severe anemic were 0.4%(3)respectively. The pregnancy outcome of low level haemoglobins duing rst trimester showed miscarriage/abortions of about18.79%, LSCS mode of delivery of about 17.02%, low birth weight of about 9.21%, preterm baby of about 2.12%, neonatal admissions of about 2.12%, still born of about 1.06%, and post partum haemorrhage of 1.77% respectively. Conclusion: The above ndings suggests that anemia in rst trimester denitely has negative impact on both maternal &fetal health. Thus adequate iron intake in early trimester (prior to conception) is crucial for healthy pregnancy. It is one of the preventable causes which can decrease the maternal & fetal mortality. Should reinforce the health education from adolescent girls, with regular antenatal check up and active participation of ASHA workers. Mothers should receive appropriate nutritional advice and supplementation at their rst point of contact with health care professionals

Introduction: Low level of haemoglobin during pregnancy has been associated with many adverse effects to both maternal & fetal outcomes like low birth weight, preterm, abortions, still born and many more. Since the study was not done regarding prevalence of anemia among pregnant women at PHC Ankalagi, Belagavi, the study was undertaken. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women and to determine the anemic status based on maternal age group, BMI & parity index. Methodology: A retrospective study was done from 2017 April to May 2020 April for a period of three years at PHC, Ankalagi, Belagavi. Over 718 pregnant women were enrolled. Regular ANC was done. Data was collected on Maternal Age, Body mass Index (BMI), Number of parity and Socio-economic determinants. A hemoglobin level was done for all trimesters. Hemoglobin levels were estimated by Sahil's hemoglobinometer method. Results: Mean age was 18±39 yrs. Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 60.30%. Nearly 347(48.32%) were mild anemic (Hb: 9- 10.9g/L), 84(11.69%) were moderately anemic(Hb :7-8.9g/L) & 8(1.11%)were severe anemic (Hb :<7g/L). Increased anemic prevalence showed in the maternal age group between 31-35years (96%) and in group of underweight of about 84% and in the parity with gravid 6&7 (100%). Conclusion: High prevalence of anemia was found at PHC Ankalagi & more prevalent showed in the age group between 31-35years & with underweight category & with parity index 6&7 respectively, which is an indicator of poor nutritional status and health care utilisation. It is one of the preventable causes which can decrease the maternal & fetal mortality. Should reinforce the health education from adolescent girls, with regular antenatal check up and active participation of ASHA workers.