Spirulina platensis is a photosynthetic, blue‐green, spiral‐ or bulb‐shaped microalgae. Due to the presence of minerals, vitamins, pigments (carotenes, phycocyanin and chlorophyll) proteins (55%–70%), carbohydrates (15%–25%), and essential fatty acids (5%–8%), it has been used as a nutritional supplement for decades. NASA successfully employed it as a nutritional supplement for astronauts on space missions then its popularity was increased. The chemical composition of Spirulina, which is rich in vitamins, minerals, phenolics, vital fatty acids, amino acids, and pigments, can be beneficial to human health when incorporated into meals. The pharmacological effects include antibacterial, anticancer, metalloprotective, immune‐stimulating, and antioxidant. It modulates immunological activities and possesses anti‐inflammatory qualities by preventing mast cells from releasing histamine. Due to its high quantity of protein, carbohydrate, lipid, vital amino and fatty acids, dietary minerals and vitamins, Spirulina exerts the abovementioned benefits. In this review, up‐to‐date and possible biological aspects, patents applied on Spirulina and heights of confirmation are addressed, and the extent of current and future exploration is also explored.
Numerous nanotech arenas in therapeutic biology have recently provided a scientific platform to manufacture a considerable swath of unique chemical entities focusing on drugs. Recently, nanoparticulate drug delivery systems have emerged to deliver a specific drug to a specified site. Among all other carriers, lipids possess features exclusive to nanostructured dosage forms. The bioavailability of orally administered drugs is typically negatively affected by their poor water solubility, resulting from the unique chemical moieties introduced. Because of their unique advantages, lipid nanoparticles must become increasingly predictable as a robust delivery mechanism. The enhanced biopharmaceutical properties and significance of lipid‐based targeting technologies such as liposomes, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles and micelles are highlighted in this review. Pharmaceutical implications of lipid nanocarriers for the transport and distribution of various therapeutic agents, such as biotechnological products and small pharmaceutical molecules, is a booming topic. Lipid nanoparticles as drug delivery systems have many appealing properties, including high biocompatibility, ease of preparation, tissue specificity, avoidance of reticuloendothelial systems, delayed drug release, scale‐up feasibility, nontoxicity and targeted delivery. The use of lipid nanoparticles to enhance the transport of biopharmaceuticals is currently considered state‐of‐the‐art. Similarly, we critically examine the upcoming guidelines that therapeutic scientists should handle.
Owing to their versatile electro-optic properties semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are gaining greater attention towards photovoltaic applications. Although hybrid solar cells, which are obtained by the blend of carbon-based and inorganic resources have the probable to attain higher energy conversion efficiencies, the current efficiencies are stumpy. Strategy aspects especially the electronic structure of the inanimate materials which are used as the electronic acceptors in mixture solar cells plays an important role in providing good performance. Among the four major inorganic material types which were scrutinized namely cadmium mixtures, silicon, metallic oxide nano particles besides short band gap nanoparticles, Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) quantum dots are having higher (>4%) power conversion efficiencies. As far as the academic and industrial communities are concerned, dye -sensitized solar cell has attained high priority in accordance with its good efficiencies, ease in manufacturing, low cost etc., Despite the above-mentioned advantages or the positive characteristics of vivid solar cells, the heed is towards the solar cells through extremely tinny absorber, solar cells by quantum dots absorber coatings. In accordance with which we have discussed about the quantum dot solar cells keeping electrical parameters as the highest priority. Herein we present some small review on recent studies in QD solar cells considering their electrical and impedance properties, effect of incorporation of nano materials in solar cells.
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