ABSTRACT. Chitosan (CS) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) blend microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil emulsion technique and were loaded with an anti-cancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). CS-HPMC microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to confirm the cross-linking reaction. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also used to assess the surface morphology of particles prepared. The quantity of release of 5-FU from the microspheres have been studied in terms of blend composition and amount of cross-linking agent. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction techniques indicated a uniform distribution of 5-FU particles in microspheres, whereas SEM suggested the spherical structure of the microspheres with slight rough surface. The in vitro drug release indicated that the particle size and release kinetics depend upon blend composition, amount of cross-linking agent used and amount of 5-FU present in the microspheres.
BACKGROUND:The treatment of acetabular fractures has seen major advances in the field of orthopaedic traumatology. Conservative treatment of acetabular fractures leads to poor results. Newer diagnostic tools like the Computed Tomography (CT) scan help in analyzing the three dimensional disturbance in the normal anatomy and plan the surgical management accordingly. In recent years operative treatment has become the treatment of choice in the management of acetabular fractures as precise anatomical reduction with adequate internal fixation can be attained.
OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the functional outcome of operatively managed acetabular fractures, and assess the efficacy of operative fixation of acetabular fractures, and also study the complications of operative fixation of acetabular fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty five patients (49 male & six female) admitted to Sanjay Gandhi Institute of Trauma and Orthopaedics with acetabular fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation. All patients were evaluated with Matta et al score with a minimum of follow up of six months. RESULTS: There were 24 (43.6%) patients with bicolumnar fractures, 15(27.3%) had posterior column fractures, 10(18.1%) had posterior wall fractures, five (9.1%) had transverse fractures, and one (1.8%) patient had an anterior column fracture. Full weight bearing was attained in thirty five (63.6%) patients in 16 weeks and in twenty (36.4%) patients after 16 weeks. Forty five (81.8%) patients were free of complications. According to Matta et al score 27(49.1%) had excellent, 15(27.3%) had good, nine (16.4%) had fair, and four (7.3%) had poor results. CONCLUSION: Open reduction and internal fixation of acetabular fractures is a reliable technique, minimizes healing time and provides congruent joint reduction. Operative treatment of acetabular fractures results in predictable union and good clinical results with a low rate of complications.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.