Many changes have arisen in the world of display technologies as time has passed. In the vast area of display technology, Organic light-emitting diode is a recent and exciting discovery. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have received a lot of curiosity among the researcher in recent years as the next generation of lighting and displays due to their numerous advantages, such as superior efficiency, mechanical flexibility and stability, chemical versatility, ease of fabrication, and so on. It works on the theory of electroluminescence, which is a mechanism in which electrical energy converts to light energy. Organic LEDs have a thickness of 100 to 500 nanometers or 200 times that of human hair. In OLEDs, organic material can be used in two or three layers. The emissive layer plays a key role in OLEDs. Polymers are used in the emissive layer to enhance the efficiency of OLEDs at the same time self-luminescence materials are used in OLEDs. In displays, this self-illuminating property removes the need for backlighting. Compared to LEDs and LCDs, OLED displays are smaller, lighter, and more portable.
Metal-free graphitic carbon nitride (gC3N4) is proving as a growing star of the carbon nitride family due to its glamorous electrical, optical, and thermal properties. Blending of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) semiconductor with different weight percentage improves the properties of the pure gC3N4. In this work, we used the ultrasonic sound wave method to synthesize gC3N4/ZrO2 nanocomposite. Characterization techniques such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Fourier transforms infrared microscopy (FTIR), UV-visible, and photoluminescence were used to characterize the as-synthesized gC3N4, ZrO2, and gC3N4/ZrO2 nanocomposite. The XRD measurement method confirmed the crystalline nature and determined the average particle size of the composite. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed to examine the presence of functional groups in synthesized materials. Bandgap energy of 2.98 eV and light absorbed in the range of 250 nm - 450 nm was recorded by UV visible spectroscopy. Photoluminescence spectroscopy revealed photon emission in the range 450 nm -530 nm of the synthesized materials. Dielectric constant, refractive index (n=1.5), and electrical conductivity (2.63 × 10-3 S/cm) were computed using LCR meter and I-V graph. Lower dielectric constant, refractive index, optimized optical band gap energy, and higher electron-hole recombination rate of gC3N4/ZrO2illustrated a successful emissive layer for organic light-emitting diode applications.
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