BACKGROUNDMyringoplasty is the surgical method of repairing perforated tympanic membrane. Among the different techniques used, onlay and underlay are widely practised. Autologous graft materials temporalis fascia, tragal perichondrium, cartilages, fascia lata are useful. Aims and Objectives-To compare temporalis fascia and tragal perichondrium graft in term of graft uptake rate and improvement of hearing.
BACKGROUND Epistaxis is a very common problem. It may be a symptom of minor or serious ailments with underlying local or systemic causes. The objectives of this study are to evaluate various local causes of epistaxis and its management outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS A descriptive study was conducted among 120 patients who presented with epistaxis of local causes. Individual sampling unit was selected using convenience sampling technique. Nasal pinching, anterior nasal packing and posterior nasal packing were performed in conservative management. Electrocauterisation, septal surgery, nasopharyngeal surgery and endoscopic arterial ligation were considered in surgical intervention. Descriptive statistics like proportion, mean and standard deviation were calculated. For inferential statistics, Chi-square test was performed wherever applicable. RESULTS Males were more compared to females with a male and female ratio of 1.2: 1. The number of patients were more in winter and autumn; and low during monsoon season. On rhinoscopic examination 53.33% cases had bleeding from the septum, out of which 81.25% was from anterior part and 18.75% was from posterior part of the septum. Most of the nasal trauma was due to road traffic accident. Hippocratic method was performed with a success rate of 80% to control bleeding. CONCLUSION Traumatic epistaxis was the most common local cause of epistaxis. Cold, dry and low humidity may lead to higher incidence of epistaxis in the winter season. The incidence of epistaxis was higher in young adults and middle-aged people. The anterior nasal packing had more convenient and higher control among all the conservative measures.
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