Background: Testicular calculus is an extremely rare entity with a less-known etiopathogenesis. To our knowledge, there have been only a handful of cases, likely less than 10. In this article we report one of the cases of testicular calculus. Case Report: A 72-year-old man presented with a history of painful testicular swelling. After a thorough diagnostic work-up to rule out possible neoplastic etiology, he underwent left orchiectomy and the sample was sent to our laboratory for histopathologic examination. It revealed a testicular calculus. Solid testicular lesions in older adults are genera Discussion and Conclusion: lly suggestive of infective etiology, trauma, and sometimes neoplastic etiology. Differential diagnosis should be done with caution. In patients with solid testicular mass with hyperechogenic appearance on scrotal ultrasonography, testicular calculus must be kept in mind in differential diagnosis. Further studies on this topic will help us better understand the etiology and treatment of this rare disease .
Morular metaplasia is an unusual type of metaplastic change, often observed in numerous endometrial lesions. It has been considered a variant of squamous metaplasia and has a mulberry-like appearance. Morular metaplasia lacks the characteristic histopathological features of conventional squamous differentiation and hence their relationship with each other has not been clearly defined. These lesions are usually seen along with pre-malignant and malignant glandular lesions of endometrium. Their presence in normal endometrium or benign endometrial polyps is rare, however it can cause a diagnostic dilemma. We present a case of a 39-year-old female who underwent hysteroscopic removal of an endometrial polyp. On gross examination it was a well-defined tan white lesion. Microscopy showed cystically dilated glands along with foci of extensive morular metaplasia. There was no evidence of any atypia/ dysplasia or malignancy in the material studied. It is important to report morular metaplasia in benign localised endometrial lesions due its usual association with endometrial hyperplasia/ atypical hyperplasia or endometrial endometrioid carcinoma. The patient requires regular follow up with clinico-radiological correlation in view of risk of presence of other coexisting lesions in these cases.
Cell block preparation (paraffin embedding of fluid sediments), is a widely practiced technique. It maintains intact architecture of the tissue and reduces diagnostic errors. Numerous techniques have been followed over the years, but the need for an optimal technique for routine use in laboratory still persists. We propose an alternate, comparatively rapid technique which will not only enable clear visualization of the architectural patterns with maximum preservation of cell morphology, but is also cost effective and easy to perform.: We prepared the cell blocks of 20 body fluid samples received in our laboratory. Only fluids with adequate cellularity were included in the study. Each fluid was subjected to two methods, Plasma-Thrombin Method and Formalin-Alcohol Method. The pellets were processed, stained with routine hematoxylin-eosin stain, and additional stains when required, and microscopy was carried out. Slides prepared from cell blocks were examined for types of pathology- inflammatory, benign, or malignant, cellular architecture, nucleo-cytoplasmic details, and artifacts. We observed that these features were comparable in both methods. However, the formalin-alcohol method proved superior in terms of cost effectiveness, ease of performance and simplicity of method, as reagents needed were readily available in the laboratory. Formalin-Alcohol technique of cell block preparation has proven to be a useful and resourceful method on a routine basis, due to its optimal cellular morphological appearance, cost effectiveness and ease of preparation in the laboratory.
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