With the identification of literature shortfalls on the techniques employed in intraoperative navigated (ION) spinal surgery, we outline a number of measures which have been synthesised into a coherent operative technique. These include positioning, dissection, management of the reference frame, the grip, the angle of attack, the drill, the template, the pedicle screw, the wire, and navigated intrathecal analgesia. Optimizing techniques to improve accuracy allow an overall reduction of the repetition of the surgical steps with its associated productivity benefits including time, cost, radiation, and safety. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(3):371–375.
Aim of the study:Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is associated with the development of scoliosis or kyphoscoliosis. The deformity is rapidly progressive in the presence of dystrophic changes producing bone erosion. Vertebral subluxation or dislocation can occur in children with highly dystrophic kyphoscoliosis and carries an increased risk of paralysis. There is no standardised treatment for this extreme deformity with very few patients currently reported in the literature.Methods:Retrospective review of a patient with NF-1 who developed a dystrophic upper thoracic kyphoscoliosis with segmental displacement of T2 on T3.Results:We report a patient with NF-1 who presented at 8.9 years with a progressive upper thoracic kyphoscoliosis. At 18.8 years, the deformity had deteriorated to scoliosis 65° and kyphosis 78° with fixed segmental rotatory dislocation at T2-T3. He underwent posterior cervico-thoracic fusion with concave pedicle screw/hook/rod instrumentation and iliac crest bone. Minimum correction was achieved due to curve rigidity and inability to reduce the T2/T3 displacement by halo-femoral traction. At 7 months, an elective posterior re-grafting procedure was performed followed by anterior fusion with rib strut grafts between T2-T6 through a midline sternotomy. The patient is now 3.5 years after anterior surgery and remains neurologically intact with stable residual deformity and computed tomographic evidence of circumferential fusion. He has no back pain and resumed non-contact physical activities.Conclusions:Patients with NF-1 can develop dystrophic kyphoscoliosis with segmental spinal subluxation/dislocation. Circumferential fusion is a technically challenging procedure which often requires a multi-disciplinary surgical team but produces satisfactory clinical outcome preventing paraplegia.
With the expansion of patient data collection and storage, it is important for doctors to maintain an awareness of how to handle such data. DPT is not currently common practice. Our study suggests positive benefits from DPT, and we suggest it could improve the safety with which patient data is handled.
In March 2017, waiting times for an outpatient appointment at a consultant-led spinal clinic in Northern Ireland had reached 152 weeks. This falls significantly outside national targets and has resulted in a backlog of 6000 patients. A specialist, multi-clinician, co-located, consultant-led NHS clinic that would enable us to evaluate these patients was designed. Six megaclinics have been held and in total 909 patients were reviewed. Patient numbers ranged from 88 – 185, with an average did not attend rate of 3.3%. Only 9.1% of patients were boarded for surgery, while discharge rates ranged between 78–91%. Patient satisfaction has been maintained at over 90% for each clinic. A significant increase in clinician confidence in the management of orthopaedic spinal conditions was demonstrated. Cost analysis has demonstrated a saving of £39 087, in comparison to previous waiting list initiative costs for patients reviewed in the private sector.
Hastalık ilk olarak Scheuermann tarafından, 1920 yılında, juvenilin dorsal kifozu olarak tanımlanmıştır. Scheuermann hastalığı adölesan çağda torakal hiperkofozun en sık nedenidir. İki alt tibi bulunmaktadır: Torakal ve torakolomber/lomber. Histolojik açıdan vertebral son plakalardaki düzensizlikler incelendiğinde, kollejen fibrillerde azalma veya kaybolma görülmektedir. Bunun sonucunda son plak devamlılığı bozulmakta ve disk materyalinin korpus içine protrüde olmasıyla Schmorl nodülleri ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bozulmalar vertebra korpusunda kamalaşmaya neden olmakta, bunun sonucunda dar açılanma gösteren kifotik deformite ortaya çıkmaktadır. Prevalans açısından bakıldığında, büyük serilerde %8'e varan oran görülmekte, hastalığın epidemiyolojisinde ise genetik geçiş ve mekanik stres faktörleri ön plana çıkmaktadır. Hastalığın semptomatik olması durumunda, ağrı deformiteye eşlik edebilir. Hastalığın klasik radyolojik tanımlaması, düzensiz vertebral son plak varlığı, 45 dereceyi geçen kifotik deformite ve en az 3 vertebrada bulunan ve 5 dereceyi geçen vertebra korpusunda olan kamalaşmayı içermektedir. Bazı olgularda kifoz ile minimal skolyoz birlikteliği görülebilmektedir. Tedavi ve takipte 50 derecenin altında kifozu olan olgularda periyodik radyolojik takip önerilmektedir. 75 dereceye kadar kifozu olan olgularda eğer iskelet matüritesi tamamlanmamış ise breys kullanımını uygundur. 75 dereceyi geçen olgularda ise; adölesanlarda breys uygulamasının başarısız olduğu durumlarda, erişkinlerde ise belirgin şekil bozukluğu olan ve konvansiyonel tedavi yöntemlerine rağmen ağrı şikayeti düzelmeyen olgularda cerrahi tedavi uygulanması düşünülmelidir.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.