The nutrient intake of 69 stone formers (SFs) from three subsets of the local population (urban 22, rural tribal 22 and rural nontribal 25) and 69 age, sex, weight and socioeconomically matched control subjects (NSs) (urban 20, rural tribal 22 and rural nontribal 27) was studied. Simultaneously their times 24-h urine samples collected over a similar period were analyzed. In general caloric and protein intake was low in all the groups but was strikingly low in the rural subjects. Intake of all nutrients was lowest in the tribal group. Although no difference was observed in diet between NSs and SFs in the same population subjects. SFs had higher urinary excretion of oxalic acid and calcium and lower excretion of citric acid and excreted more saturated urine. Notably magnesium intake was normal in both NSs and SFs, but mean excretion of magnesium was lower than normal in all the groups, suggesting its defective absorption. The influence of dietary intake of protein, carbohydrate, fat, fiber, calcium and oxalic acid on urinary excretion of calcium, oxalic acid, uric acid, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium and citric acid was examined using the chi-square test. No association was observed, thus suggesting that this low nutrient intake did not influence the lithogenic process. Thus, the overall observations suggest: (a) poor nutrition, (b) no effect of diet on urinary stone disease, (c) no difference in the nutrient intake between NSs and SFs and (d) a higher excretion of promoters and a lower excretion of inhibitors in SFs than in NSs.
Background: Floor disinfection plays a major role in patient to patient transmission of infections in hospital environment. In our hospital, lysol based floor cleaner was routinely used for floor cleaning. In our study we compare alternative methods of disinfection using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) based floor cleaner and biological (cows urine based) floor cleaner with traditional Lysol based floor cleaner.Methods: Three floor cleaners were used in the study (Lysol, NaOCl, biological cleaner). Study was conducted in our institution between August 2018 to October 2018. These floor cleaners were used in different floors and swab was taken every month to determine their efficacy of disinfection.Results: After initial culture of all three floor cleaner samples, the Lysol solution was culture positive for clostridium tetani spore. In first month, Lysol was used in both floor 1 and floor 2. In second month, NaOCl floor cleaner in floor 2 and biological cleaner in floor 1 was used. In third month, NaOCl floor cleaner for floor 1 and biological cleaner for floor 2 was used. Swabs taken at the end of each month was negative for culture except clostridium tetani spores were grown in floor 2 in corridor floor in which biological cleaner was used in third month.Conclusions: Floor cleaning with alternative reagents like NaOCl and biological cleaners are non inferior in disinfection of hospital environment in comparison with traditional lysol floor cleaner.
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