Biomineralization through the biomimetic CO2 sequestration process has been gaining attraction in recent years due to the formation of carbonates widely used as raw material in various industrial processes. The deposition and dissolution of calcium carbonate can be affected by physiochemical factors, such as the type of calcium salt. However, most studies have focused on calcium chloride (CaCl2). In the present study, A potent bacterial carbonic anhydrase (CA) producer, Bacillus oceanisediminis CB1, was screened on CA activity from mangrove plant Avicennia marina, collected from Ghogha, Bhavnagar, India (21.68°N 72.28°E). We premeditated deposition experiments to determine the effects of different calcium salts on calcium carbonate deposition in Bacillus oceanisediminis CB1 colonies. The results demonstrated the calcite formation observed in calcium salt-supplemented nutrient agar, calcium chloride, and calcium acetate. Merely uniform distribution and peripheral distribution of calcite particles found in calcium acetate and calcium chloride supplemented into nutrient agar, respectively. Calcite formation was confirmed by staining with Alizarin Red S dye followed by SEM-EDX. This study will provide a vital reference for designing and applying microbial-induced carbonate precipitation using different calcium salts.
Noise & Vibration studies are one of the most important aspects of designing any dynamic system. Any machinery which has components having high inertia, rotating components, friction, losses and other random forces create excitations at various locations. Ducts are an excellent carrier of various types of vibrations which are created by these excitation forces and carry them to various locations. Thus, if excessive noise levels are generated and transmitted to different ship locations, there are possibilities of detrimental effects such as hearing disabilities for crew and passengers onboard, failure of equipments due to resonance, noise emission to surroundings, violation of stealth requirements etc. This paper primarily focuses on understanding the sources of noise & vibrations onboard marine vessels, transmission of these vibrations to various locations on ships via ducts and attenuation of the noise. Using the guidelines established by various classification societies such as American Bureau of Shipping, Bureau Veritas, Lloyd’s Register etc., a package written in Python is developed to calculate the theoretical attenuation across the duct system for a case under consideration. A harmonic acoustic model is created in ANSYS (R2022) software to replicate this noise & vibration scenario onboard ships for various duct subsystems. After the simulation is carried out, a comparison of the output of the Python package and ANSYS model is carried for attenuation of noise levels. This provides a basis for establishing the accuracy of the simulated model. It is found that the error is minimal and the 2 output results are in sync. Thus, this enables us to further improve these models for various ships and ensure the noise levels are restricted within the required limits.
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