Dairy industry is among the most polluting of the food industries in regard to its large water consumption. Dairy is one of the major industries causing water pollution. Considering the increased milk demand, the dairy industry in India is expected to grow rapidly and have the waste generation and related environmental problems are also assumed increased importance. Poorly treated wastewater with high level of pollutants caused by poor design, operation or treatment systems creates major environmental problems when discharged to the surface land or water. Various operations in a dairy industry may include pasteurization, cream, cheese, milk powder etc. Considering the above stated implications an attempt has been made in the present project to evaluate one of the ETP for dairy waste. Samples are collected from forth points; Raw effluent [P-1], Equalization tank [P-2], Aeration tank [P-3], Oxidation ditch [P-4] to evaluate the performance of ETP. Parameters analyzed for evaluation of performance of ETP are pH, COD, BOD at 27° C, TSS. The COD, BOD at 27° C and TSS removal efficiency of ETP were 94 %, 95%, 93% respectively.
Novel low-cost bark-based magnetic iron oxide particles (BMIOPs) were synthesized and investigated for the removal of As(III) in drinking water. The synthesized BMIOP had a saturation magnetization value of 38.62 emug which was found to be enough for the magnetic separation of exhausted BMIOP after As(III) adsorption. Parameters like agitation speed, adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH, temperature, and initial concentration were thoroughly investigated. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms were used for the modeling of experiments and observed a maximum adsorption (19.61 mg g) of As(III) by Langmuir isotherm. Kinetics of As(III) sorption were well correlated with the coefficients in pseudo-first-order than the pseudo-second-order rate equation. Thermodynamic parameter investigation revealed that As(III) sorption process is endothermic, feasible, and spontaneous. BMIOP emerged as less expensive adsorbent for the abatement of arsenic ion from the drinking water. BMIOP showed 13.58 mg g adsorption capacity when As(V) alone is present, while it is 9.43 and 7.04 mg g for As(V) and As(III), respectively, when present together in the water. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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