Airway disease is a major healthcare issue that causes at least 3 million fatalities every year. It is also considered one of the foremost causes of death all around the globe by 2030. Numerous studies have been undertaken to demonstrate the latest advances in artificial intelligence algorithms to assist in identifying and classifying these diseases. This comprehensive review aims to summarise the state-of-the-art machine and deep learning-based systems for detecting airway disorders, envisage the trends of the recent work in this domain, and analyze the difficulties and potential future paths. This systematic literature review includes the study of one hundred fifty-five articles on airway diseases such as cystic fibrosis, emphysema, lung cancer, Mesothelioma, covid-19, pneumoconiosis, asthma, pulmonary edema, tuberculosis, pulmonary embolism as well as highlights the automated learning techniques to predict them. The study concludes with a discussion and challenges about expanding the efficiency and machine and deep learning-assisted airway disease detection applications.

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