Introduction: FNAC is the first line diagnostic test for evaluation of thyroid lesions. Identification of cytological features is key element in diagnosing thyroid lesions, which will reduce the number of unnecessary surgeries of thyroid nodules. Bethesda system of reporting helps the clinicians to take appropriate therapeutic intervention. Aim: To study the cytomorphological features of various thyroid lesions and to categorize as per Bethesda system proposed by NCI Bethesda USA in 2007. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study of cases of thyroid lesions received in cytology section of Department of Pathology, KIMS Hubballi, during Jan 2017 to Dec 2017. FNAC was performed and reported according to Bethesda system. Results: FNAC was performed on 370 cases of thyroid lesions. Maximum number of cases were in the age group of 21-30 years.Male to female ratio was 1: 9.27. Maximum number of cases presented in less than 6 month duration. Most of the cases presented with swelling in the neck. Out of the total 370 cases, 351were benign lesion, 6 cases were malignant, 8 were unsatisfactory, 3 were follicular neoplasm/suspicious of follicular neoplasm, 1 was suspicious for malignancy and 1 was follicular lesions of undetermined significance. Out of 351 benign lesions, commonest was colloid/ nodular goiter, followed by lymphocytic/Hashimotos thyroiditis. Conclusion: FNAC is the most simple, rapid and safe diagnostic test for evaluation of thyroid lesions with high degree of accuracy. Bethesda system of reporting thyroid cytopathology is very useful as it is systematic and standardized and hence provides better communication between clinicians and cytopathologist for appropriate therapeutic intervention.

Background and Aims: Pancytopenia may be a manifestation of a wide variety of disorders which primarily or secondarily affects the bone marrow. Bone marrow failure syndromes and malignancies are serious and life threatening causes, but certain non-malignant conditions such as infection, and nutritional anemia are equally important. The severity of pancytopenia and the underlying pathology determine the implementation of correct management and prognosis. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted for a period of two years on 134 patients of pancytopenia. Detailed history, thorough clinical examination, complete hemogram, peripheral smear examination, reticulocyte count evaluation and bone marrow aspiration was performed in all cases. In addition, trephine biopsy was done in the same setting wherever indicated. Results: The age ranged from 15 to 75 years with a mean age of 30.9 years. The most common cause of pancytopenia was Megaloblastic anemia (37%) followed by Nutritional anemia (31%), aplastic anemia (9%) and Leukemia (1.75%). Majority (79%) of the patients had hyper cellular bone marrow followed by hypocellular (13%) and normal cellular marrow (8%). Conclusion: Elaborate hematological investigations and bone marrow examination, both, in correlation with clinical findings are vital for the diagnosis of pancytopenia. Bone marrow Aspiration and Trephine biopsy, complement each other in diagnosis of challenging cases

Cat scratch disease is benign self-limiting infectious disease caused by B. Henselae. It can occur worldwide with no racial or sex predilection. Cats are the major reservoirs. Transmission can occur through biting, scratching and licking. Patients present with regional lymphadenopathy. A 17-year-old male presented with a single swelling in the inguinal region of 15 days duration. It was gradually increasing in size. The swelling measured 6cm * 5cm, soft to firm in consistency, non-tender. The mobility was restricted. Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed which was diagnosed as granulomatous lymphadenitis. The swelling was excised and sent for histopathological examination. Histopathologically, a final diagnosis of Cat-scratch lymphadenitis was made. Cat-scratch Disease is a self-limiting illness in an immuno-competent host. The associated lymphadenitis is mainly solitary and unilateral. Although it is not a unique diagnosis, Cat-scratch disease is required to implement appropriate and targeted antibiotic therapy.

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Introduction: Cutaneous metastasis is an uncommon manifestation of visceral malignancy (0.8-5%) indicating a grave prognosis. Cutaneous metastasis manifests as nodules, ulceration, cellulitis or fibrotic processes. Lesions are solitary or multiple frequently found near the primary tumour. The most frequent organs presenting with cutaneous metastasis are breast, skin (melanoma), lung, colon, stomach, upper aerodigestive tract, kidney and the uterus. On histopathology, they can be classified as adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma and other miscellaneous types.Case Reports:The present series involves 3 cases of cutaneous metastasis diagnosed on FNAC. First case of osteosarcoma presenting as swelling in femoral region, second case as swelling in cervical region from cancer oesophagus and third case presented with swelling over sternum from an unknown primary. Conclusion:FNAC is the first line diagnostic procedure for diagnosis of cutaneous metastasis. It is inexpensive, simple and fast diagnostic tool confirming clinical diagnosis.