Many arthropods are known to achieve dynamic stability during rapid locomotion on rough terrains despite the absence of an elaborate nervous system. While muscle viscoelasticity and its inherent friction have been thought to cause this passive absorption of energy, the role of embedded microstructures in muscles and muscle joints has not yet been investigated. Inspired by the soft and flexible hinge joints present in many of these animals, we have carried out displacement-controlled bending of thin elastic slabs embedded with fluid-filled microchannels. During loading, the slab bends uniformly to a critical curvature, beyond which the skin covering the channel buckles with a catastrophic decrease in load. In the reverse cycle, the buckled skin straightens out but at a significantly lower load. In such a loading-unloading cycle, this localized buckling phenomenon results in a dynamic change in the geometry of the joint, which leads to a significant hysteresis in elastic energy. The hysteresis varies nonlinearly with channel diameters and thicknesses of the slab, which is captured by a simple scaling analysis of the phenomenon.
Internet of things (IoT) comprises a developing ecosystem of responsive and interconnected devices, sensors, networks, and software. The internet of things keeps on extending with the number of its different equipment segments for smart cities, healthcare, smart homes, assisted living, smart vehicles, transportation, framework, and many more are the areas where the internet of things benefits human lives. IoT networks are meant to be monitored on real-time events, and if these devices get attacked, it can have an unfavorable effect on the system. This paper discussed many possible attacks at IoT networks and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack is one of the most dangerous among them. Blockchain technology can be utilized to develop a framework to protect IoT systems; blockchain is a new technology used for cryptocurrency transactions. This paper proposed BIoTIDS an intrusion detection system for the IoT network using blockchain. BIoTIDS is able to detect an intruder in the IoT network and also able to identify DDoS attacks in IoT networks.
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