Mulberry Alternaria blight (Alternaria alternata) is one of the foliar devastating diseases and reduces leaf quality and yield. Studying the cultural characters of the pathogen is the first and most important basic step in identification process. The results of cultural studies revealed that PDA was the best medium for supporting the good radial growth of the isolate Aa-1, Aa-2, Aa-4 and Aa-7 with the maximum radial growth of 90.00 mm after ten days of inoculation. Whereas, isolate Aa-2 and Aa-6 yielded maximum growth of 90 mm in Sabouraud's dextrose agar medium and isolate Aa-8 and Aa-9 in oat meal agar medium. Maximum growth (90 mm) in corn meal agar (Aa-7) and in Richards synthetic agar medium isolate Aa-4, Aa-6 and Aa-10 recorded good growth. Dry weight of mycelium of the different isolates A. alternata studies revealed that isolate Aa-3 showed maximum dry mycelial weight of the fungus noticed in Host leaf extract broth (998.71 mg) which was followed by Isolate Aa-2 (997.93 mg) and Isolate Aa-5 (997.4mg) in Sabouraud's dextrose broth. Very good sporulation of the Isolate Aa-1 on Potato dextrose broth, Host leaf extracts broth, Oat meal agar broth and Corn meal broth was recorded. The Potato broth also supported good sporulation of three isolates viz: Aa-1, Aa-5 and Aa-9 whereas, by Host leaf extract broth and corn meal broth supported good sporulation of Isolate Aa-4 and Aa-5 respectively.
Powdery mildew caused by Phyllactinia corylea (Pers.) Karst, is an obligate parasitic disease of mulberry inflicting considerable qualitative as well as quantitative losses of leaf yield. Screening of 16 mulberry varieties against powdery mildew disease under field conditions yielded two resistant varieties with the lower powdery mildew disease severity of 2.5 and 5.42 per cent in a variety S-13 and in variety S-34 had 3 and 5.37 per cent after 55 and 70 days after planting respectively. The three varieties viz., Kanva-2 / M-5, Mysore local and S-1635 were moderately resistant with the less DS values of 11.43, 11.47 and 11.48 per cent respectively. In management studies, the plant extracts at all concentrations tested were effective in suppressing the disease and at higher concentration of 15%, Zinger officinale reduced the disease to 60.31 per cent and Lantana camara to 59.04 per cent disease over control and were considered as best for managing powdery mildew disease in mulberry. Among the culture filtrate of different bioagents tested, the Trichoderma harzianum reduced the disease to 51.56 per cent and Pseudomonas fluorescens to 51.09 per cent over control at 15% concentration and were shown to be potent in fading away the disease.
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