predictor of children's oral health. [5] Hence an attempt has been made in this study to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of mothers toward their children's oral health and also to compare the knowledge, attitude, and practices with regards age, educational level, and socioeconomic status. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted for 4 months among mothers of 3-5 year old preschool children who visited Dental Colleges in Mumbai from August 2012 to November 2012. Ethical clearance was obtained from Institutional Review Board and an informed consent was obtained from the study participants. The study was carried out in four randomly selected Dental Colleges in Mumbai

Background:Postmenopausal women have shown proactive willingness to take responsibility for their changing health care needs. The example of osteoporosis is a model that when educated of their bone health status, this cohort follows through with prevention and treatment regimens. Postmenopausal status is considered to be a risk factor for periodontitis. It is known that up to 50% of periodontal disease goes undiagnosed. The goal of periodontal therapy is to prevent tooth loss.Objective:Is there a need, then to educate and inform postmenopausal women of their periodontal status? Can dentists provide a greater service to this cohort by increasing education and information?Materials and Methods:The current study compares patient perception to actual clinical findings in 94 postmenopausal women. Patients are informed of their diagnosis, and educated about the disease, its risk factors and preventive and treatment modalities. Detailed interviews examine the patient intentions to follow up on preventive and treatment regimens suggested.Results:Although 97.8% of participants reported having “healthy gums”, 36.2% had severe periodontitis in at least one site. Interviews reveal that patients associated disease with abscess, and would be likely to follow prevetive and treatment regimens when they were informed of their diagnosis and educated on the topic.Conclusion:The findings suggest a need to make education a priority when treatment postmenopausal women.

The Hindi version of the GOHAI demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability, and will be an important instrument to measure oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) for people in this region.

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Introduction: In the stomatognathic system, mandible formsa unique joint that moves simultaneouslyon both sides, which makes it critical that the mandible maintains the balance without causing a stretch on any one side muscles. A rotated mandible leads to its associated muscles getting unilaterally overstretched or in a state of spasm. Certain muscles also get flattened because the yare not used because of the rotated mandible. Since the entire musculoskeletal system is inter-related and connected to each other, all the muscles of the body get adjusted to maintain a state of balance. Materials and methods: A study of 17 individuals having back or neck pain was conducted. They answered a questionnaire about their back/neck pain and their facial photograph was taken to analyze 3 muscles - zygomaticus major, mentalis, masseter, and the nasolabial-fold. The muscles were checked for hypo/hypertrophy, the nasolabial-fold for its orientation - closer to the horizontal/vertical plane. Results and analysis: 50% had normal Zygomaticus Major muscle, and 50% showed hypo/ hypertrophy. 50% had normal Masseter and 50% were hypertrophied. Mentalis muscle showed hypertrophy in 50% backache and 60% neck-ache cases. The right side Nasolabial fold was normal in 75% of backache cases and 80% of neck-ache cases. The left side showed a significant deviation with 80% of neck-ache cases having a horizontal nasolabial fold. None of them showed any statistical significance. Conclusion:The study didn't show significant association between the four parameters and backache and neck pain. Larger sample-sized studies with control groups will validate any type of association. Key Words : maxillo-mandibular relationship, skeletal balance, orofacial muscles, hypertrophy