Collectively, these results demonstrate that the NCV particles can be used to reduce CRF without much affecting the anti-cancer properties of cisplatin.
Background: Cyperus scariosus R.Br and Cyperus rotundus L are well known Indian medicinal plants in ayurveda and herbal industry. These two species are often treated as synonymous to each other, although they grow in different agro climatic conditions. Objective: In the present study, we made an attempt on comparative biochemical studies among these two species by using various spectroscopic, analytical and in silico molecular docking studies. Materials and Methods: Rhizome methanolic extracts of both the species were subjected to GC-MS and elemental analysis to identify the presence of phytochemical constituents and trace elements respectively. Following confirmation, the identified compounds were subjected to molecular docking analysis using anti-inflammatory protein COX-2 as the target receptor. Further these extracts were encapsulated into biodegradable chitosan nanoparticles and they were characterised using SEM and FT-IR analysis. Finally, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of these extract loaded nanoparticles were evaluated using in vitro assays. Results: Compounds present in both plant extracts form strong hydrogen bond interactions with COX-2. SEM analysis of C. scariosus showed chitosan nanoparticles are spherical in shape. Whereas C. rotundus forms aggregates, although they are well-dispersed in water following lyophilisation. FT-IR analysis showed that both plant extracts have different compounds, which is evident from the wavelength difference and their shift pattern as compared to blank nanoparticles. In spite of the differences, both of the drug encapsulated plant extracts showed good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Conclusion: C. scariosus and C. rotundus are different, but similar with some of the phytochemical constituents and pharmaceutical values.
In this study, tamoxifen-loaded chitosan-pluronic nanoparticles have been prepared by an ionic gelation (IG) method. Particle size analysis, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Zeta potential measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used for nanoparticle characterization. The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was assayed in the MCF -7 cell line. The optimized tamoxifen loaded nanoparticles had a spherical shape with positive charge and mean diameter 150 to 300 nm. The FT IR and DSC studies found that the drug was dispersed in amorphous form due to its potent interaction with nanoparticles matrix. The maximum encapsulation efficiency was obtained at Smg/ml tamoxifen. The tamoxifen loaded chitosan-pluronic nanoparticles had good blood compatibility and the particles were nontoxic to the MCF -7 cell line. All study results suggest that the nanoparticles could be used as an effective drug delivery carrier for the breast cancer treatment.
Vitamin supplementation during chemotherapy has often been associated with lower recurrence and mortality rates in cancer patients. We had previously demonstrated that the multivitamin (C, D3, and B12)-cisplatin nanoparticle complex-NanoCisVital (NCV)-could alleviate chemotherapy-induced cancer fatigue. Chitosan is frequently used in functional nanomaterials to encapsulate drugs, because it is biodegradable, biocompatible, and non-toxic. The chitosan-based NCVs were prepared, and their physicochemical properties, size, and stability were evaluated before assessing their effect on cancer cell lines. The multivitamin mixture is packed in the core, and cisplatin is loaded at the periphery of the nanoparticle. This encapsulation facilitates the slow and sequential release of peripheral cisplatin and the core multivitamin combination. By increasing the amounts of vitamin and drug-encapsulated nanoparticles in breast and cervical cancer cell lines, the viable cell percentage was calculated. DDX3X promotes cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, while Ki-67 promotes active cell proliferation in all cell types. DDX3X is elevated in several cancer types, and breast cancer cells express it abnormally. The Ki-67 protein is a biomarker of cell proliferation that is present throughout all active stages of the cell cycle but undetectable in the resting state. The expression of the DDX3X and Ki-67 genes is altered in NCV-treated cells. This study uses DDX3X and Ki-67 gene expression as a comparative measuring tool for the anti-cancer and cell proliferation effects of cisplatin and vitamins, respectively.
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