Nanopore transistors made of vertically stacked monolayer MoS2–hBN in a multi-sensing electronic scheme are predicted to improve sensing robustness and noise reduction in detecting biomolecules such as DNA and proteins. Our approach based on all-atom molecular dynamics simulation coupled with a semi-classical Boltzmann formalism for electronic transport along the layers shows quenching of the conformational motion of the biomolecule translocating through the multi-layer membrane. The synchronization of electronic sensing current signatures across the successive MoS2 probes achieved by time-lagged cross-correlation is seen to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio, notably in the lower-frequency spectrum, thereby enabling the identification of homopolymers.

A robust and reliable detection scheme of RNA tails grown on a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) can pave the way to a denser encoding of DNA-based storage systems that use the punch card mechanism. Here, we develop a systematic algorithmic approach based on signal processing to detect the presence of RNA tails on dsDNA as well as to differentiate the tail lengths from the transverse conductance signal of MoS2 membrane nanopores. Combining all-atom molecular dynamics simulations with electronic transport modeling, we suggest a method to detect RNA tails with lengths of 10, 15, and 20 nucleotides separated by 10 base pairs. Modified dwell times obtained by using normalized DNA velocity provide an easy and intuitive way to distinguish the lengths of the RNA tails. We show that this technique can be extended for multiple tails, separation distances, and substrate DNA lengths.