Introduction: Oral health is important to individuals of all age groups. The oral mucosa performs essential protective functions that plays an important role in the general health status of an individual. As a result of aging, oral epithelium undergo atrophic changes leading to decrease in tissue regeneration and disease resistance, which can expose the oral mucosa to a variety of pathogens and chemicals. In present study, we aimed to document the clinical types of oral mucosal lesions and to study its distribution and possible etiological factors in geriatric population. Materials and Methods: A total number of 5257 patients above 60 years of age were examined and 130 patients fulfilling the criteria were enrolled for the study. A written consent taken from the patients. A detailed medical history and general physical examination was done to establish the clinical diagnosis. Correlation, if any, with etiological factor was assessed. In relevant cases, necessary investigations to establish the definitive diagnosis were done. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS 22 version software. Results: In the present study, age group of 60-69 years were commonly involved, with a male preponderance. Buccal mucosa was the most common site involved. The common risk factors observed were smoking, alcohol and betel quid chewing. The most frequent lesions found were malignancy, oral candidiasis and oral lichen planus followed by premalignant etiologies. Conclusion: This present study brings to light various oral mucosal lesions in geriatric population, which also highlights the importance of early diagnosis of oral precancerous lesions before it develops into malignancy.
Introduction:Hair loss in children is relatively less common when compared to adults but is associated with significant psychological stress that may affect the growth and development of the child. The type of alopecia is influenced by the age group, ethnicity, hair type, nutrition, environment and cultural factors also play a significant role in hair loss. This study aims at appraising our knowledge on the clinical presentations and various etiologies of alopecia in children. Materials and Methods: 1574 patients less than 18 years were screened, out of which 75 children fulfilling the criteria were enrolled for the study. A written informed consent was taken from the patient's parents or guardian. A detailed hair and scalp examination along with necessary investigations to establish the definitive diagnosis was done. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS 22 version software. Results: In the present study, school going children (6-10 years) and adolescents (10-18 years) were commonly involved, almost equally affecting males and females. Majority of the cases were acquired non-scarring alopecia. Malnutrition, poor grooming habits, associated systemic diseases and stress were common risk factors. The most frequent etiologies were tinea capitis, alopecia areata, telogen effluvium, trichotillomania, nevus sebaceous and scarring following infections. Conclusion:The present study highlights the various acquired and congenital causes of hair loss in children. Early diagnosis and treatment can alleviate the anxiety. The study emphasizes on the importance of addressing underlying malnutrition and poor grooming habits among the patients.
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