West Bengal has several leather industries and as such huge amount of leather are processed every year. The tannery effluents are discharged into the land and open water causing soil and water pollution respectively. Chromium is one of the most toxic inorganic contaminants which is well known for its carcinogenicity. Thus, our study focuses on investigating the bioremediation potential of common microflora isolated from tannery wastewater. In our study, Isolate 1 has the highest ability to reduce chromium (Cr6+) as compared to others. Isolate 4 has the highest protease, lipase and leather degradation activities. Isolate 1 shows the maximum keratinase activity making it an effective strain for keratinase production. Also, it has been found that pH 8 and temperature 40 °C was most suitable for keratinase production. Owing to the multidimensional ability of these two isolates, they were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and it reveals that Isolate 1 and Isolate 4 belong to Bacillus cereus F4810/72 and Brevibacillus brevis F4810/72 respectively. Thus, this study establishes the role and efficiencies of these microorganisms in combatting pollution, particularly in the water bodies in which harmful chemicals leak regularly owing to improper waste management by various industries.
Ekakushtha is one of the Kshudra Kushtha described in Ayurvedic classics. It predominantly involves Vata and Kapha Dosha and characterized by Asvedanam (Anhidrosis), Mahavastu (large area of involvement), Matsyashakalopamam (scaling), Krishna Aruna Varna (black or reddish brown skin lesion), Kandu (itching) and Rukshata (dryness). In modern science it can be co-related with Psoriasis. According to W.H.O. the world wide prevalence of Psoriasis is 2-3% (April, 2013). In India prevalence of Psoriasis varies from 0.44 to 2.88%. Acharya Charaka mentioned that treatment of Ekakushtha is to be carried out according to involvement of excessive Dosha. It is Bahudosha (excessively aggravated Dosha) and Chirkari (chronic) Vyadhi (disease). In this condition Shodhana Chikitsa (purificatory measures) is best. So in this present study Vamana Karma and Virechana Karma is chosen for the treatment of Ekakushtha. Here 60 cases of Ekakushtha (Psoriasis) were divided into two groups. Group A (30 patients) were subjected to Vamana Karma. Group B (30 patients) were subjected to Virechana Karma. The statistical analysis reveals that Vamana Karma is statistically more significant in the management of Ekakushtha. Here both the therapies i.e. Vamana Karma and Virechana Karma were effective in the treatment of Ekakushtha. But Vamana Karma was more effective than Virechana Karma.
Arghyadeep Bhattacharjee, Rajarshi Chaudhuri, Priyanshu Pandey, Arup Kumar Mitra, authors of the article “Bioremediation of chromium (VI) by a microbial consortium isolated from tannery effluents and their potential industrial application”, published in Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 29(4), 418–429, https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2021.15762 inform that 423 p. is a minor misinformation in the legend of Figure 4: Figure 4. Observation of Keratinase activity of the isolates. Graphical representation showing the amount of keratin activity by the microorganisms which were determined by the concentration of the vanillin degraded per ml of the crude enzyme. Y-axis indicates the enzymatic activity expressed in U/ml and X-axis denotes the test isolates. Data (n = 3) illustrated in the bar diagram as mean +SD. ***p < 0.0001 as determined by One-way ANOVA (IS1 to IS4 represents the isolates; BSA: Bovine Serum Albumin) The correct legend is: Figure 4. Observation of Keratinase activity of the isolates. Graphical representation showing the amount of keratin activity by the microorganisms. Y-axis indicates the enzymatic activity expressed in U/ml and X-axis denotes the test isolates. Data (n = 3) illustrated in the bar diagram as mean +SD. ***p < 0.0001 as determined by One-way ANOVA (IS1 to IS4 represents the isolates) The authors regret the error.
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