Synthetically versatile imidazolium chlorides, especially 1,3‐bis‐(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)‐imidazolium chloride (IPrHCl) along with copper (I) iodide and cesium carbonate, were found to be useful to form C−O bonds via coupling of phenols and aryl/heteroaryl bromides. In this catalysis, the metal:ligand (Cu:IPr) loading was optimised to 1.0 mol%, making it an inexpensive and a simple one pot catalytic route for synthesising a variety of diaryl ethers. The catalytic cycle was probed by UV‐Vis, FT‐IR and HRMS techniques confirming involvement of a copper‐imidazolium‐carbonate complex.
In the industrial rebellion, the air pollution takes on the hike owing to fast growing use of fossil fuels. In developing countries like India, the automobile sector has developed as a key consumer of fuel and a key contributor to air pollution cause an increase in the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere results global warming leads to increased tailpipe emission and the consequent harm effects on public health. For the prevention of adulteration and monitoring of automobile fuel quality at the distribution point therefore, is highly important. Quantity and Quality of petrol is ensured, as it plays a major role in customer satisfaction. In addition, the petrol bunks require manual intervention for filling the petrol and collecting the cash. The unwanted fuel consumption by the public also leads to increase in cost of living. This paper aims to ensure the quantity and quality of petrol through duration of switching on the pump arrangement and voltage level of pH electrode. Concerning the benefit of the society based on the inflation, our government have to take necessary action to introduce petro cards which limits the per head fuel consumption according to the type of customer needs. In this paper for modelling purpose three different types of petro cards were designed based on the fuel need and essential needs of the public.
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