The present research examines the contribution of individual differences in chronotype and self-efficacy to the math performance of male and female students in STEM and no-STEM majors. Questionnaires assessing the selected individual differences were distributed to students of Middle Eastern descent enrolled in math courses of the general education curriculum. Summative assessment indices were used to measure performance comprehensively across the entire semester (course grades) and as a one-time occurrence (final test grades). The contribution of morningness and self-efficacy to both course and test performance of STEM students was sensitive to the interaction of gender and major. Instead, neither factor contributed to no-STEM students’ course and test performance. These findings were used to plan improvements in the instruction and advising of students in STEM majors, thereby complying with a key tenet of action research.
In 2017 S. Ghour and B. Irshedat defined the θω - closure operator as a new topological operator and introduced θω - open sets as a new class of sets and proved that this class of sets is strictly between the class of open sets and the class of θ - open sets. In this paper we introduce θω - continuous, θω - irresolute, θω - open, θω - closed, pre - θω - open, θω - pre closed, contra θω - continuous and almost contra θω - continuous mappings and investigate properties and characterizations of these new types of mappings in topological spaces.
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