Introduction: It was noticed the increasing of the risk to fall in elderly. Prevention program could decrease this prevalence. Objective: To identify the prevalence for falls in elderly active people and to verify the effectiveness of an intervention program to decrease the risk for falls. Method: This is a cross-sectional, prospective, and quantitative study. Sixty volunteers, aged ranged 60 to 85 years (70.07±7.02) from the community of a small city in northeast of Brazil wereselected. The Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)Brazilian brief versionand Timed Up and Go (TUG) was used to identify the risk for falls and the Cawthorne and Cooksey protocol was the baseline to prevention program. Results: The DGI showed that 35.8% presented risk for falls and at the ending period, these scores decreased to 10.25% (p value = 8X10-5). The initial scores to TUG showed that 76.3% of the sample had a risk of falls, and 23.6% after the program(p Value =6x10-7). Conclusion: It was found that the risk for falls was higher in older elders and the prevention program reduced the risk of falls and improved gait and dynamic balance in this sample.
RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a eficácia de uma intervenção fonoaudiológica para diminuição do risco de quedas. Método Estudo exploratório e de intervenção em que 148 voluntários socialmente ativos, de ambos os sexos, com média de 68,6(±6,5) anos foram avaliados pelo Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)–Brazilian brief e o Timed Up and Go (TUG). Todos os voluntários, com e sem risco para quedas, foram convidados para o programa de intervenção realizado em cinco semanas consecutivas, com duração de 50 minutos baseados nos exercícios de Cawthorne e Cooksey. Destes, 72 com 68,1(±6,5) anos, com e sem riscos para quedas, que participaram de, pelos menos, três encontros foram reavaliados. Foram utilizados o teste de Wilcoxon, Qui-quadrado, Spearman e Matriz de Correlação, com p≤5,0%. Resultados Inicialmente, 37(25,0%) e 106(71,6%) dos voluntários apresentaram, respectivamente, riscos para quedas no DGI–Brazilian brief e no TUG. Verificou-se correlação negativa do DGI-Brazilian brief (p=0,034) e positiva com o TUG (p=0,0071) com a idade e entre os dois instrumentos (p=0,00000016). Na comparação dos dados iniciais e finais de 72 voluntários averiguou-se correlação positiva no DGI-Brazilian brief e TUG no teste do Qui-quadrado e de Wilkoxon. Foi observado melhor desempenho nestes testes após a intervenção. Conclusão A intervenção foi eficaz, uma vez que diminuiu o risco para quedas e melhorou o desempenho da marcha e equilíbrio funcional e dinâmico.
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