Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a condition, which worsens the quality of life in many ways including thyroid disorder in many cases. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism among chronic kidney disease patients admitted to the Nephrology Department of a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on the patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease at a tertiary care hospital from 15 May 2022 to 10 October 2022 after getting ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 621/2022). Pre-designed proforma was used to collect demographic data like age, sex, height and weight. Blood samples of the patients were analysed for thyroid function tests (triiodothyronine, thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone levels) by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Convenience sampling was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Out of 156 study participants with chronic kidney disease, subclinical hypothyroidism was present in 34 (21.79%) (15.31-28.27, 95% Confidence Interval) patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism amongst chronic kidney disease patients was found to be lower than in other similar studies conducted in similar settings.
Introduction: Treatment of lupus nephritis consists of six months of induction immunosuppression followed by years of maintenance immunosuppression. The aim of present study was to find the prevalence of remission after six months of induction immunosuppressive treatment with induction therapy in patients with lupus nephritis. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the nephrology unit of department of internal medicine of a tertiary care hospital from September 2018 to September 2020. The study was approved by institutional review committee of same institution (reference number 184/2018). Convenience sampling method was used and Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26 was used for statistical analysis. Point estimate at 90% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of 24 patients, overall remission was seen in 21 patients (87.4%) (90% Confidence Interval= 76.26-98.54). Complete remission and partial remission were seen in 16 (66.6%) and 5 (20.8%) patients respectively resulting in an at the end of six months of induction immunosuppressive treatment. The most common class of lupus nephritis was class IV, 7 patients, followed by class IV+V, and class V, 6 patients in each respectively. The mean 24-hour urinary total protein, serum albumin and serum creatinine were 2492±1051 mg, 2.1±0.4 g/dl, and 0.9±0.1 mg/dl respectively. Adverse events were observed in 6 (25%) patients. Conclusions: Our study shows that good proportions of patients with lupus nephritis achieve clinical remission at the end of six months of induction immunosuppressive treatment with induction therapy, however, at the cost of some tolerable side effects.
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