As a strategic commodity, salt in Indonesia faces the challenges of increasing imports rather than the capacity to produce locally, which SMEs almost produce. Therefore, the research explored the extent of the government’s role in the competitiveness of salt SMEs. The research applied a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. For policy analysis, literature review, observation, and in-depth interviews were conducted to analyze the effectiveness of government policies using Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) and Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA). The results find that at least six issues on the existing policies need concern. It consists of local people who are allowed to produce salt, the President Decree 69/1994 role and position, the salt consumption, which is mandatory to have SNI, the changeable salt classification, the other SNI than voluntary iodized consumption salt, and SNI for food-grade salt and caustic soda (chlor-alkali products). The situation shows the government’s significant role in influencing the competitiveness of sustainable salt SMEs. Subsequently, the research proposes recommendations for the sustainable competitiveness of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) on salt industry development, such as arranging new regulations or revising the existing regulation by integrating and harmonizing the interest cross-ministries, establishing the task force under the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs or directly under the president to prepare the national salt industries development. The national salt classification needs to be considered as the applicable classification internationally. Salt is salt, so there is no need to differentiate it into local and imported salt. Therefore, the imported salt can be classified into food-grade and Chlor-Alkali products (CAP) salt, which should meet international standards and be mandatory.
Penyelamatan danau prioritas nasional merupakan amanat Presiden yang tertuang dalam Perpres No. 60 Tahun 2021. Danau Maninjau, yang merupakan salah satu danau prioritas, memiliki manfaat multiguna termasuk untuk budi daya karamba jaring apung (KJA), namun terancam keberadaannya akibat adanya pencemaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis upaya penyelamatan Danau Maninjau dari dampak pencemaran air yang berasal dari kegiatan perikanan budi daya KJA. Data dan informasi primer dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, focus group discussion (FGD) yang melibatkan camat, wali nagari, pengurus asosiasi budi daya KJA, ketua kelompok poklahsar; serta pengumpulan data sekunder yang berasal dari instansi terkait yang relevan dengan kegiatan penelitian ini. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk menghasilkan rekonstruksi permasalahan terkait budi daya KJA di danau tersebut dan mengidentifikasi strategi penyelamatannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan tajam pencemaran Danau Maninjau dapat dihubungkan dengan peningkatan jumlah KJA dari 16.380 petak pada tahun 2014 menjadi 17.417 petak pada tahun 2021, yang ditandai dengan kematian ikan massal dan kerusakan lingkungan lainnya. Upaya pengelolaan danau dan KJA melalui kebijakan moratorium penambahan KJA baru dan penyediaan mata pencaharian alternatif bagi pembudi daya terdampak merupakan kebijakan yang tepat, namun harus dibarengi dengan tindakan pendukung yang relevan. Pengawasan ketat terhadap pelaksanaan moratorium, pendataan KJA aktif melalui pemberlakuan Surat Keterangan Usaha atau bukti kepemilikan KJA merupakan langkah-langkah relevan yang diperlukan untuk mendukung pengendalian jumlah dan penataan KJA. Pemerintah Pusat, Daerah dan Nagari, dan harus diperankan secara efektif dan bertanggung jawab secara integratif dalam menyediakan sarana dan prasarana mata pencaharian alternatif prioritas bagi pembudi daya terdampak. Title: Management of Floating Net Cages (KJA) Aquaculture in an Effort To Save Maninjau LakeSaving effort of the national priority lake is the President’s mandate as stated in Presidential Regulation Number 60/2021. Maninjau Lake is included in the priority lakes with multipurpose benefits. One of the lake utilization is aquaculture activities in the form of Floating Net Cages (KJA). This study aims to analyze Maninjau Lake saving effort due to water pollution from Floating Net Cages (KJA) aquaculture activities. Primary data and information were collected through field observations, interviews, focus group discussions (FGD) with the Camat, wali nagari, management of the KJA cultivation association, head of the poklahsar group, as well as secondary data collection from relevant agencies related to this research activity. The data were analyzed descriptively in order to provide information about the general description of KJA cultivation and efforts to save Maninjau Lake. Based on previous study, from 2014 - 2021 there is an increase in the number of KJA from 16,380 plots to 17,417 plots which are suspected as the main source of pollution in the lake area and cause mass fish deaths and other environmental damage. One of the efforts to manage lakes and marine cages is through a moratorium policy on adding new marine cages. It is also expected that there will be socialization of alternative livelihoods for cultivators that affected by the policy. This decision has policy implications that must be carried out by both the Central and Regional Governments in terms of strictly monitoring the new KJA moratorium, collecting active KJA data by issuing a Certificate of KJA cultivation or proof of KJA ownership to support controlling the number of KJA, and arranging KJA. The Central, Regional and Nagari Governments are responsible integratively in providing priority alternative livelihood facilities and infrastructure for affected cultivators.
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