BACKGROUND: Cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer remain important health problems for women worldwide. It is largely a preventable disease that is characterized by a long lead time. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of precancerous lesions of cervix by Pap smear screening. METHODS: A retrospective hospital based study was conducted at Department of Pathology, in a Tertiary Care Institute and associated hospital, Bhopal. Data was collected from the records of Pap's smear testing done on 388 patients in years 2011 & 2012. Analysis was done by entering data in SPSS software and Chi-square test was applied to find statistical significance. RESULTS: Most common lesions on Pap's smear was Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) in 104 (26.8%) of cases and High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) in 15 (3.9%) of cases. 44 (11.3%) were senile Atopic Changes, parasitic Infection in 27 (7%) of cases and 2 (0.5%) were carcinoma cervix cases. All the cervical lesions were most common in age of 31-40 yrs. and were significantly associated with age. CONCLUSIONS: Pap's smear examination information should be spread in community apart from hospitals. Especially the young women should be motivated for regular Pap's smear. Pap's smear is the single most important screening method for early detection of precancerous & cancerous cervical lesions.
Present investigation was made to study antibiogram profile of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) of animal origin. MRSA isolates were obtained from bovine mastitis and wound infection of animals using cultural isolation and were confirmed by S. aureus specific thermonuclease (nuc) and MRSA specific mecA gene in PCR assay. A total of 13 MRSA isolates were obtained and subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test using 10 numbers of selected antibiotics by disc diffusion test. MRSA isolates exhibited variable degree of sensitivity towards various antibiotics. MRSA isolates were detected 100% senisitive to linezolid and imipenem followed by clindamycin (92.31%), tetracycline (76.92%), vancomycin and gentamycin (53.85%). Isolates showed higher rate of resistance towards amoxicillin (84.62%) and penicillin (76.92%). All the isolates were found resistant to cefoxitin and methicillin. It can be concluded from present study that isolates harbouring mecA/ MRSA gene have tendency to exhibit resistant towards multidrug and treatment option can be explored by studying antibiogram of MRSA of particular region.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.