Almost all extreme socio economic vulnerabilities relate to natural disasters and its economic loss at household level, along with socio economic characteristics of household. This relationship creates great curiosity estimating determinants and levels of vulnerability at micro level for policy understanding for minimizing household vulnerability. This paper measures empirically the determinants of vulnerability of natural disasters at household level based on primary data sets collected from household survey in Sot Khola water basin by using multiple econometric models. The descriptive analysis shows a huge loss with a worth 13,344,000 Rupees including crops, assets and physical infrastructure. Despite its small worth, life was worst due to loss of house, crops, clean drinking water, electricity, documents, foods, communication, displacement etc. Furthermore, the result of the model shows rural orthodox society having indigenous knowledge and skill, conservative agrarian family, traditional labor force, primitive technology etc. Loss and income of household have positive relationship but labor, early warning and knowledge of disasters have negative relationship. Knowledge of disasters have made household resilient to reduce economic loss and then household vulnerability. Households in the geography of Gadhi and Lekhagaon are more resilient than of Kunathari. Therefore, climate resilience is urgent issue to minimize household vulnerability for household income and welfare.
This research examined the relationship between FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) and GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with the impact of FDI determinants on FDI inflow in Nepal. This research used literature review by doing multiple regression models. This research used an econometric model based on Cobb Douglas Production Model and a theoretical growth model based on Solow Growth. The result indicates the positive relationship between GDP and FDI. Furthermore, liberalization and privatization policies are positive, but insecurity is disturbing.
This paper assesses the multiplier effects of public expenditures on economic growth in Nepal, covering time series data sets of public expenditures and economic growth from 1974-75 to 2018-19 by using the SVAR model. As a result of the SVAR model, the multiplier effect of public expenditure, recurrent expenditure, and capital expenditure is positive for economic growth. In a result, the multiplier effect of recurrent expenditure is found to be more promising than capital expenditure for economic growth in the short run, but in the long run, it is lower. Similarly, the multiplier coefficient value of capital expenditure is lower in the short run. This is probably due to leakages in the economy, corruption and improper management of development funds, seasonal expenditure trends, and poor management of development projects. Therefore, the government should improve the efficiency of public expenditure and the ratio of capital expenditure and private investment to improve the higher multiplier variable in the long run.
This study was conducted in the period of January 2014 to December 2015. The main objective of the study was to investigate the impact of climate change in the water basin and its catchment areas. The method was a survey of relevant literatures. Climate change is a big issue not only in developed countries but also in developing countries. The study found that the temperature is rising with 2.00 C on average per annum in western Nepal. This is relatively 3 times higher than lower temperature increase within the country and significantly higher in comparison to global trend of temperature variation. Over the last 36 years (1975-2010) in western Nepal, temperature is rising on an average of 1.2°C per annum. This is twice as compared to the global increment. This indicates more vulnerability of climate change in hills and high hills of Nepal. The average rise of temperature in Nepal is 0.06oC per year. The climate-induced disasters are; drought, severe floods, landslide, etc. They also have negative effects in agriculture in the hills and high hills of Nepal.HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water, Energy and Environment Issue: 23Year: 2018
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