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Herein, in this work we synthesized plant root nodule like NiO–MWCNT nanocomposites by a simple, rapid and solvent-free method using nickel formate as a precursor.

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Self-assembled cobalt oxide-multiwalled carbon nanotube composites were synthesized by simple and effective wet chemical routes. Using these materials, a modified glassy carbon electrode was fabricated and investigated for enzyme-free glucose sensor applications. The fabricated sensor exhibited a high sensitivity of 5089.1 mA mM À1 cm À2 with a detection limit of 10.42 mM over a glucose concentration ranging from 0.05 to 12 mM. The sensor also shows promising sensor features like stability, selectivity and fast detection.Moreover, the detection of glucose in human blood serum samples with the as-developed sensor agreed well with the results obtained from commercial glucose meters.

We report the solvent-free method of preparation for NiO-carbon nanotube/graphene ternary composite using nickel formate as a green precursor via thermal decomposition method. In this ternary composite, NiO with an average particle size of 7 nm is regularly decorated on the surface of conductive carbon matrices network such as MWCNTs and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Here rGO serves as an ideal support for uniform distribution of NiO nanoparticles and also functions as an efficient transducer material, whereas, MWCNTs acts as a spacer between rGO, which enhances the electrical conductivity and accessibility of active reaction sites for direct glucose oxidation. The electrochemical performances are evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric techniques. Under the optimal conditions, the 20 wt. % NiO-MWCNT/rGO/GCE exhibits the sensitivity of 4223.3 µA cm −2 mM −1 and detection limit of 0.92 µM over a linear glucose concentration range upto 19 mM. Furthermore, the constructed sensor is effectively employed to detect glucose in real human blood serum sample with adequate results. The modified 20 wt.% NiO-MWCNT/rGO/GCE also shows a high sensitivity, greater selectivity, excellent reproducibility and long-term stability.

The aim of the article is to present a trend in patent filings for application of nanotechnology to the automobile sector across the world, using the keyword-based patent search. Overviews of the patents related to nano technology in the automobile industry have been provided. The current work has started from the worldwide patent search to find the patents on nanotechnology in the automobile industry and classify the patents according to the various parts of an automobile to which they are related and the solutions which they are providing. In the next step various graphs have been produced to get an insight into various trends. In next step, analysis of patents in various classifications, have been performed. The trends shown in graphs provide the quantitative analysis whereas; the qualitative analysis has been done in another section. The classifications of patents based on the solution they provide have been performed by reading the claims, titles, abstract and full texts separately. Patentability of nano technology inventions have been discussed in a view to give an idea of requirements and statutory bars to the patentability of nanotechnology inventions. Another objective of the current work is to suggest appropriate framework for the companies regarding use of nano technology in the automobile industry and a suggestive strategy for patenting of the inventions related to the same. For example, US Patent, with patent number US2008-019426A1 discusses the invention related to Lubricant composition. This patent has been studied and classified to fall under classification of automobile parts. After studying this patent, it is deduced that, the problem of friction in engine is being solved by this patent. One classification is the "automobile part" based while other is the basis of "problem being solved". Hence, two classifications, namely reduction in friction and engine were created. Similarly, after studying all the patents, a similar matrix has been created.