Background: Keeping in mind the frequency at which the surgical procedures are performed in the axilla, the organization and branching of brachial plexus and its topography becomes clinically significant and it is extremely complicated. Brachial plexus is the seat of explorations for oncosurgeons operating for breast carcinoma, schwannoma, neurofibroma, Anesthesiologists performing brachial plexus block, Plastic surgeons harboring myo-cutaneous flaps, Orthopedicians dealing with shoulder arthroplasty, humeral and clavicular fractures and for clinicians to explain the inexplicable signs of nerve compressions. The clinical importance of the variations in posterior cord is discussed in the light of various medical scenarios.
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