Improving knowledge of active faults encouraged researchers to include faults as seismogenic sources in probabilistic seismic hazed assessments (PSHA). In the current study, a PSHA analysis for the United Arab Emirates (UAE) was conducted using faults along with area seismic sources utilizing a logic-tree framework. Seismicity is evaluated in terms of spectral acceleration (SA) and Peak ground acceleration (PGA) for return periods of 2,475, 975, and 475 years. The results are compared with seismic hazard levels from previous PSHA studies using area sources. The effect of the fault is apparent towards the northeastern side of UAE since the increase in the slip rate of the Dibba fault compared to the rest of the faults contributed to the increase in the seismic hazard in the vicinity of the fault. Contour maps for the SAs at 0.2 and 1.0 s and PGA are developed to be used for the seismic hazard design in the UAE. The largest seismic hazard is estimated in the northeastern borders of UAE at the coastal area of Ras-Al Khaimah with PGA 0.22g for a return period of 2,475 years.
The contribution of fibers in enhancing the mechanical behavior and providing a post-crack residual capacity of the concrete sections have widely been investigated and design approaches of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) are established. These design approaches are usually uncertain and associated with inherent variability and modeling errors in which should be accounted for when designing reliable structures. The addition of fibers has further increased the range of uncertainties resulting in inconsistent levels of reliability for FRC structures when compared with those established for traditional reinforced concrete structures. To this end, this paper conducts a reliability-based analysis of the ultimate limit state (ULS) of the fiber reinforced concrete slabs (FRCS) on ground under flexural loading. The ULS is formulated based on the procedure adopted in the ACI 360R regarding the calculation of the post-crack moment capacity of fiber reinforced concrete slabs (FRCS) on ground under flexural loading. To ensure that the design procedure provides acceptable reliability levels, experimental results collected from previous studies were used in the statistical calibration. Monte-Carlo simulation was adapted to generate an array of random variables knowing their statistical parameters and distributions. Reduction factors for the flexural strength of FRC slabs corresponding to the load factors specified in the design codes were calculated and certain values are proposed to achieve target reliability levels.
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