The review presents the recent progress made in the field of ionic liquids bearing bioactive components, with a particular emphasis on their use as chemical tools in agriculture and the preservation of agricultural products.

No abstract

No abstract

Organosilicon compounds, because of their unique properties, are widely used in a variety of organic processes, and thus the constant improvement of current methods is still needed. We present slurry-phase hydrosilylation reactions using novel supported ionic liquid-phase (SILP) catalysts containing rhodium complexes immobilized in four phosphonium ionic liquids (ILs) on silica support. The obtained new SILP catalysts were analyzed by infrared technique, low-temperature nitrogen physisorption at 77 K, and scanning electronic microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to provide structural information on these materials. Moreover, the catalytic activity in hydrosilylation reactions was evaluated and compared with the catalytic activity of rhodium catalysts dissolved in the same ILs when using a biphasic reaction system (IL/catalyst as one phase and mixture of substrates as a second phase). The rhodium-based SILP catalysts proved to be much more efficient than when used in a biphasic system composed of a similar catalyst and reactants. Furthermore, as a result of the presented study, we have identified a highly active SILP catalyst ([{Rh­(μ-OSiMe3)­(cod)}2]/[P66614]­[NTf2] supported on silica) that allowed us to decrease the amount of catalyst used in the reaction by 1000 times in comparison with the amount of catalyst required while performing reaction using the biphasic catalytic system. The proposed method of utilization of SILP materials can become a significant step in reducing expensive organometallic catalyst consumption in organic chemistry and, when applied more broadly, lead to significant cost savings, eventually making the production of many organic molecules more sustainable.

Nowadays, plant protection against viral diseases is one of the most challenging tasks faced by modern agriculture. One of the possible ways of plant protection is utilization of systemic acquired resistance phenomenon. In this approach biological or chemical factors interact with plants and stimulate their immune system against infections before infection occurs. This paper presents 11 ionic derivatives of benzo[1.2.3]thiadiazole-7-carboxy-S-methyl ester, a synthetic plant resistance inducer, with counterions specifically selected to modify the physical and biological properties of the resulting salts. We present the synthesis methods, as well as physical and biological properties, of these newly obtained anionic bifunctional salts.

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is one of the most promising ways to support plants in the fight against viruses.

Plant resistance induction is one of the most promising ways to support plants in fights against pathogens, especially viruses, due to the fact there are no plant protection agents acting directly on them. Certain chemicals, including benzo[1.2.3]­thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid, S-methyl ester (BTH) and its derivatives, were discovered as effective inducers of plant immunity. In this article, new BTH derivatives, in the form of organic salts composed of cations based on the plant resistance inducer BTH and anions introduced in order to modify physical (solubility in water, dissolution rate, thermal stability, melting points, pK a and logP values), and biological (antibacterial) properties are presented. The physical properties of resulting salts were altered by, for example, changing water solubility and also through the introduction of a second ion with a biological function (bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria). The major impact this new approach in plant protection may have is that the synthetic plant resistance inducers (used in very low dosages) may in the future become an alternative to the pesticides commonly used in large amounts, thus significantly reducing the use of harmful chemicals in agriculture and their negative impact on the environment and human health.

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a natural mechanism that is triggered in plants as a response to pathogen attack and results in systemic increased resistance. SAR inducers are therefore an...