Background and aim. The important role of sports psychology is often emphasized. But not everyone is aware that it applies to the entire area of physical culture. The aim of this article is to present the role of sports psychology and the positioning of this discipline in physical culture sciences. Matherial and method. The collected material consisted only of the works of sports psychologists available in Poland. The method of source materials analysis was 62 used. Analysis with deductive reasoning and synthesis with inductive reasoning were used.Results. The importance of sport psychology for the sciences of physical culture and its theoretical and practical tasks are presented. Conclusions. Sport psychology is a discipline in the field of physical culture sciences. It deals with theoretical (research, education, diagnosis, analyzes, interventions, counseling) and practical (mental training) mechanisms and laws governing the psyche and human behavior in sport, physical education, tourism and recreation, rehabilitation and health training, using knowledge in the field of psychology and physical culture.
Our objective was to examine how exercises with the second generation of the Microsoft Kinect sensor may aid in the process of motor learning in young judo practitioners. We addressed improvements in spatio-temporal accuracy during execution of three standing techniques in judo, in a simple paradigm designed to study short-term practice effects. Two groups of judokas, 12 athletes each—one aided with Kinect and our dedicated software vs a group of controls—were asked to mimic previously recorded master-level performances of the three techniques, established as benchmarks by a two times world champion in judo. In five training sessions, athletes of the aided group used a virtual-reality setup in which they trained with a virtual representation of the master displayed on a large screen with a simultaneous real-time visualisation of their own movements in the form of an avatar based on body joint localisation, as determined by Kinect, which also measured their performance. The control group used Kinect in the 1st and 5th session, which was necessary for the measurements that constituted the basis for subsequent statistical comparisons, whereas the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th session in this group was guided by a coach, without the use of the Kinect setup. In addition, athletes of the two groups had unrestricted access to a video recording of the master performing the three throws. We found statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05) in the accuracy of executing the three techniques between the 1st and the 5th training session for the aided group but not for the control group. We conclude that incorporating Kinect based exercises into a judo training programme may be a useful means to supporting motor learning, therefore enhancing training efficiency, and thus improving performance.
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