Atmospheric conditions affect the development of cascades of secondary particles produced by primary cosmic rays. Global Data Assimilation System, implementing atmospheric models based on meteorological measurements and numerical weather predictions, could significantly improve the outcomes of the simulations for extensive air shower.In this work, we present a methodology to simulate the effect of the atmospheric models in secondary particle flux at the Earth's surface. The method was implemented for Bucaramanga-Colombia, using ARTI: a complete computational framework developed by the Latin American Giant Observatory Collaboration to estimate the particle spectra on Water Cherenkov Detectors depending on the geographical coordinates. As preliminary results, we observe differences in the total flux that varies from month to month with respect to the subtropical summer atmospheric profile.
The Latin American Giant Observatory (LAGO) is an extensive network of water Cherenkov detectors spread across Latin America, functioning as an astroparticle observatory. With its broad range of altitudes and geomagnetic rigidity cut-offs, the primary focus of LAGO's scientific program is to study space weather, climate phenomena, and high-energy astrophysical transients from ground level. To bolster these programs, the comprehensive simulation framework of ARTI and onedataSim was developed. This framework enables the calculation of the total secondary particle flux and the corresponding signals expected in various types of detectors operating anywhere in the world. It also incorporates the effects of real-time atmospheric and geomagnetic conditions, both secular and disturbed. These tools harness the expanding computational capabilities of highperformance computing facilities and cloud-based computing environments. By integrating these tools and infrastructures, we have managed to extend the total integration times of the background flux and the energy range of atmospheric neutrons. In this contribution, we illustrate how this intricate simulation sequence aids in achieving LAGO's scientific objectives. We also explore other applications, such as estimating the expected dose on board commercial flights, simulating the muon flux for muography studies, determining the distribution of neutrons in nuclear and medical facilities, and estimating the rate of errors produced by atmospheric neutrons in the upcoming generation of exascale supercomputing centers worldwide.
We present the design, and preliminary results of the LIDRAE water-Cherenkov air shower array installed at UFABC (23.6 • S, 46.5 • W, 750 m a.s.l.). LIDRAE detects the particles of extensive air showers with energies exceeding 100 TeV and is able to measure the arrival direction and energy of the primary cosmic rays. The array is composed of three tanks each filled with one thousand liters of water with a large aperture photomultiplier on the top cover of each tank overlooking the water volume. The photomultipliers detect the Cherenkov light generated by the passage of ultrarelativistic charged particles through the water. The produced signals are then sent to the data acquisition electronics where they are amplified, formatted, digitized and stored. The data are recorded in single and triple coincidence modes.
We present a study of the average longitudinal profile for extensive air showers produced using CORSIKA (COsmic Ray SImulations for KAscade) code considering different energies and compositions. Several models for hadronic interactions at ultra-high energies, such as EPOS-LHC, QGSJetII-04, and SIBYLL2.3c, are used to simulate the particle production and their distribution in the atmosphere. We show a method to measure the σ p−air and attenuation length for air shower simulated data.
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