Estimates of the repeatability and heritability of 19 measures of performance in Jersey cows were obtained using an animal model with a relationship matrix and a derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood algorithm. The data consisted of 935 records for 374 cows by 69 sires over the period [1969][1970][1971][1972][1973][1974][1975][1976][1977][1978][1979][1980][1981][1982][1983][1984][1985][1986][1987]. The estimates were similar to those obtained by ordinary least squares methods reported for the same data set and in other studies, but had smaller error variances. A likelihood ratio test showed agreement between these heritability estimates and those in the literature. The heritability estimates of milk, fat, protein, lactose-mineral, solids-not-fat, and total solids yields were about 0.25; for the corresponding percentages, and for the protein to fat and solids-not-fat to fat ratios, the estimates were 0.50. Heritability estimates were 0.10 or less for the time from parturition to first breeding and for three measures of somatic cell counts. These estimates of heritability in a dairy cattle population in a subtropical environment were not different from those of populations in temperate climates.

Correlations were obtained between 18 response variables of a Jersey herd (Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, Gainesville) for 374 first lactations. Estimates were from the use of multivariate, derivative-free, restricted maximum likelihood procedures with the simplex method of partial maximization. Estimates agreed closely with those obtained previously by other methods in this and other dairy populations. All correlations between yields were high and positive; those between yields and days from parturition to first service were negative and near zero. Correlations between yields and somatic cell scores were moderate and negative; those between yields and constituent percentages in general were negative, except for the yield and percentage of the same constituent. Genetic correlations between chloride content and somatic cells and between measures of somatic cells were 1.0. Results suggest that single-trait selection for milk yield should result in correlated increases in constituent yields with slight decreases in percentage composition of constituents and somatic cell counts.

Estimates of genetic trends in 24 measures of milk and constituent yields, somatic cell counts, and reproduction were obtained from 935 records of 374 Jerseys in a single herd. Data were obtained from a designed project for single-trait selection from 1969 through 1987. One line was subjected to selection solely for milk yield and included 259 cows; an unselected control line included 115 cows. Estimates of trends were based on differences in linear phenotypic trends between lines for first lactations, all lactations, and for 305-d and total records. The genetic changes in milk yield for these four data sets were 1.22 to 1.48%/yr (36.8 to 41.0 kg per cow yr) and 0.54 to 1.64%/yr for five constituent yields. Except for the percentages of minerals plus lactose, all constituent percentages decreased by 0.05 to 0.60%/yr. The ratios of protein to fat and solids-not-fat to fat increased 0.30 to 0.54%/yr, respectively. The number of services required per conception increased (0.17%) in first parity records and in all data (0.69%). The intervals from parturition to first estrus and from parturition to first service decreased in first lactation (1.19 and 0.82%) annually but increased (1.25 and 0.01%) in all data. Age of heifers at first estrus decreased by 0.44% annually. Most of the five measures of somatic cells decreased in first lactations but increased for all data. Estimates of realized genetic correlations of 14 measures of constituent yield and composition (four correlations each) agreed well with values expected from the literature. The results quantified change in milk yield, constituent yields and percentages, reproductive performance, and somatic cell counts in a single herd and should prove useful in the development of selection programs for dairy cattle.

No abstract

BACKGROUND Solitary extradural plasmacytoma of the skull (SEPS) is an extremely rare entity with only 35 cases reported in the English-language literature. SEPS is a rare presentation of plasma cell dyscrasias, accounting for 4% of plasma cell tumors. The diagnosis of solitary plasmacytoma requires exclusion of multiple myeloma (MM) and prompt diagnosis and treatment. OBSERVATIONS The authors describe the case of a 52-year-old man with SEPS. He presented with a painless, progressive, soft swelling mass in the left parietal region. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left frontotemporal extra-axial lesion that involved the ipsilateral orbital apex and posterior ethmoidal cells. Biological studies did not reveal features suggestive of MM. A diagnosis of SEPS was based on microscopic examination and immunohistochemical analysis after surgery. The patient had an excellent recovery and was discharged the day after surgery without neurological deficit. LESSONS SEPS is a potentially curable disease, and total resection with or without radiotherapy is associated with a good prognosis and long-term recurrence-free survival. Distinction between SEPS and MM is of paramount importance because the prognosis and treatment differ.

Por medio de la aplicación de un cuestionario a una muestra de corredores de 42k y menos, se investiga la relación entre la motivación y el estado de flujo posterior a una competición. Se encontró una relación positiva entre la motivación y algunas de las dimensiones del flow en la muestra consultada

La presente investigación tiene el objetivo de explorar las consecuencias del allanamiento de morada en una población de infantes y adolescentes. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo en el cual se realizaron entrevistas a personas menores de edad con dicha condición, así como a profesionales en psicología, con el fin de identificar consecuencias emocionales y conductuales en esta población entre mayo y setiembre del año 2015. Se encuentran síntomas depresivos, miedo, agresividad, actitudes negativas hacia la policía y la autoridad, hiperactividad, ansiedad por separación, bullying y alejamiento de la red social.

La investigación se realizó con el fin de identificar el tipo de atribuciones causales que las atletas de Gimnasia Rítmica Deportiva (GRD) en Costa Rica realizan con respecto a sus resultados en los entrenamientos y en una competencia eliminatoria de Juegos Deportivos Nacionales 2017 mediante la Escala de Dimensión Causal II (CDS-II); así como explorar de qué manera influyen estas atribuciones en sus reacciones emocionales mediante la Escala de Afecto Positivo y Afecto Negativo (PANAS). La población fue de 208 mujeres en edades entre los 8 y los 18 años, provenientes de 12 cantones del país, las cuales fueron evaluadas entre abril y mayo en sus respectivos gimnasios de entrenamiento y en el gimnasio de la competencia misma. Los resultados indicaron que las atribuciones más frecuentes son las de locus de causalidad y control personal, mientras que las emociones más frecuentes fueron las de carácter positivo. Asimismo, quienes atribuyeron un resultado positivo a dimensiones como la causalidad interna, la estabilidad y el control personal, experimentaron mayores emociones positivas que negativas, en comparación con aquellas que realizaron atribuciones de causalidad extrínseca, inestabilidad o falta de control personal.