Although district heat network schemes provide a pragmatic method by which to reduce the environmental impact of urban energy systems, there are additional benefits that could arise from servicing electric vehicles. Using the electricity generated on-site to power electric vehicles can make district heating networks more economically feasible, while also increasing environmental benefits. This paper aims to address the potential integration of electric vehicle charging into a large-scale district heating network to increase the value of the generated electricity and thereby improve the system's financial feasibility. A modelling approach is presented composed of a diverse range of distributed technologies that considers residential and commercial electric vehicle charging demands via agent-based modelling. An existing district heating network system in London was taken as a case study. The energy system was modelled as a mixed integer linear program and optimised for either profit maximisation or carbon dioxide emissions minimisation. Commercial electric vehicles provided the best alternative to increase revenue streams by about 11% against the current system configuration with emissions effectively unchanged. The research indicates district heating network systems need to carefully analyse transport electrification to improve the integration, and sustainability, of urban energy systems.
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