BackgroundOne of the components of the Kangaroo Method (KM) is the adoption of the Kangaroo Position. The skin-to-skin contact and the vertical position the child adopts when in this position may provide sensorial, vestibular and postural stimuli for the newborn. The Kangaroo Position may encourage vestibular stimuli and a flexed posture of the limbs, suggesting the hypothesis that the Kangaroo Position may have an impact on flexor muscle tone. The effect of these stimuli on the motor features of the newborn has not been the subject of much investigation. No study has yet been conducted to determine whether the Kangaroo Position may progressively increase electromyographic activity or whether this increase persists until term-equivalent age. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Kangaroo Position on the electromyographic activity of preterm children.MethodA follow-up study was carried out between July and November 2011 at the Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife-Brazil, using a sample of 30 preterm children. Surface Eletromyography (SEMG) was used to investigate the muscle activity of biceps brachii. The electromyographic readings were taken immediately before (0 h) and after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h of application of the Kangaroo Position as well as at the term equivalent age in each baby. Electromyographic activity was analyzed using the Root Mean Square (RMS) and the mean values of the times were analyzed by way of analysis of variance for repeated measures and the Tukey test.ResultsElectromyographic activity of the biceps brachii varied and increased over the whole 96h period (RMS:0 h = 36.5 and 96 h = 52.9) (F(5.174) = 27.56; p < 0.001) and remained constant thereafter (RMS: term-equivalent age = 54.2). The correlations between the corrected age and the values for electromyographic activity did not show any statistical significance.ConclusionThe Kangaroo Position leads to a growing increase in the electromyographic activity of preterm children’s biceps brachii after up to 96 h of stimulation and this response persists until at least the 21st day after this period.
ObjectiveTo compare the electromyographic activity of preterm newborns placed in the kangaroo position with the activity of newborns not placed in this position.DesignA cohort study.SettingA Kangaroo Unit sector and a Nursery sector in a secondary and tertiary care at a mother-child hospital in Recife, Brazil.ParticipantsPreterm infants of gestational age 27–34 weeks (n=38) and term infants (n=39).Primary and secondary outcome measuresSurface electromyography was used to investigate muscle activity in the brachial biceps at rest. 3 groups were designed: (1) preterm newborns in the kangaroo position (PT-KAN), where the newborn remains in a vertical position, lying face down, with limbs flexed, dressed in light clothes, maintaining skin-to-skin contact with the adult's thorax. Her electromyographic activity was recorded at 0 h (immediately before starting this position), and then at 48 h after the beginning of the position (but newborns were kept in the kangaroo position for 8–12 h per day) and at term equivalent age (40±1 weeks); (2) preterm newborns not in the kangaroo position (PT-NKAN), in which measurements were made at 0 h and 48 h; and (3) term newborns (T), in which measurements were made at 24 h of chronological age.ResultsThe Root Mean Square (RMS) values showed significant differences among groups (F(5,108)=56.69; p<0.001). The multiple comparisons showed that RMS was greater at 48 h compared to 0 h in the preterm group in the kangaroo position, but not in the group not submitted in the kangaroo position. The RMS in the term equivalent aged group in the kangaroo position was also greater when compared with those in the term group.ConclusionsThe kangaroo position increases electromyographic activity in the brachial biceps of preterm newborns and those who have reached the age equivalent to term.
Introdução: As disfunções temporomandibulares (DTMs) são definidas como um termo coletivo que abrange um grande número de problemas clínicos. Estudos atuais relatam que a prevalência da DTM é significativamente maior em mulheres. Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a relação entre a postura anterior da cabeça (PAC) e as DTMs em mulheres, para isso envolveu 28 indivíduos do sexo feminino, com idade entre 18 e 26 anos. Métodos: Os dados foram interpretados utilizando o software Autocad 2007® para determinar a existência ou não de uma PAC entre as estudantes. Esses dados foram correlacionados às respostas obtidas por meio de um questionário. A análise estatística consistiu na aplicação da correlação produto-momento de Pearson. Resultados: Observou-se uma correlação entre as DTMs de origem artrogênica e miogênica com a PAC. Conclusão: A PAC pode estar relacionada ao desenvolvimento da DTM.
Tests of visual reproduction are used to assess visual memory. However, when the
test is based on geometrical elements results could be influenced by
schooling.ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of different schooling levels on performance of a
visual reproduction task.MethodsA sample of 253 individuals (66 male and 187 female), aged 60 to 92 years
were evaluated on a visual reproduction task comprising three geometric
pictures of increasing complexity. Each individual was shown a picture for 8
to 10 seconds and a drawing of it was then immediately elicited. Four groups
were defined according to the following schooling levels: illiterate, 1 to 4
years, 5 to 8 years and over 8 years. Individual performance was measured by
summing the items correctly reproduced for the three pictures.ResultsA significant difference for age was found between the illiterate and other
three schooling groups. The reproduction of picture one was better
reproduced than pictures 2 and 3 for all schooling levels (p<0.001).
Pictures 2 and 3 did not differ among the schooling levels. Picture
reproduction among the schooling levels showed that the group with over 8
years of schooling performed better on pictures 1 and 2 (p<0.001) but not
on picture 3.ConclusionIndividuals aged 60 years or older, with 8 years' schooling or less, showed a
reduced capacity to reproduce geometric pictures of a high degree of
complexity. Clinical evaluations that use geometrical tests could be
misinterpreted when not controlled for schooling level.
Introdução: As lesões musculoesqueléticas são uma das principais causas de problemas de saúde relacionados ao trabalho. Objetivo: Avaliar a capacidade laboral de segurados do INSS com DORT que retornaram ao trabalho. Métodos: Selecionaram-se 22 trabalhadores do setor produtivo de uma unidade fabril da cidade de Campina Grande (PB) que foram afastados de suas atividades trabalhistas com diagnóstico de DORT que voltaram a trabalhar. Para medir a capacidade laboral, utilizou-se o Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT). Resultados: Verificou-se, por meio do ICT, que dos 22 trabalhadores pesquisados, 4 (18,18%) obtiveram uma pontuação correspondente à capacidade laboral “baixa”; 15 (68,18%), “moderada”, e 3 (13,64%), “boa”. Conclusão: A maioria dos trabalhadores, portanto, retornou ao trabalho com uma moderada capacidade laboral, de acordo com o ICT, o que sugere que devem ser tomadas medidas para melhorar a qualidade da reabilitação profissional promovida pelo INSS aos acometidos de doenças laborais.
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