Polynoidae is a diverse group of polychaetes known as scale-worms, found in different marine regions. However this rich family is little studied in Brazil, especially along the northeastern coast of the country. We report Chaetacanthus magnificus, a first record for the northeastern coast of Brazil, establish this species as valid, differentiating it from other synonyms found in several studies which report polychaetes in Central and South America. The polychaetes found by Project Algae of Paraíba are in the collection of Laboratory of Marine Invertebrates Paulo Young, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil.KEY WORDSPolychaetes, Polynoidae, scale-worm, South America, new record
The genus Lepidonotus is the largest in number of species within the Polynoidae, with more than 70 described species and subspecies. A catalogue of 18 nominal species and subspecies of Lepidonotus from South America is provided, with valid names, synonyms and original citations. Redescriptions and illustrations of two species based on new specimens collected along the littoral of the State of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil are included. Lepidonotus
carinulatus and Lepidonotus
natalensis are reported for the first time for Brazilian waters. A comparative table of characters for all reported species and subspecies of Lepidonotus from South America is provided.
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