RESUMOPara garantir a qualidade de vida da população e a manutenção dos recursos naturais no município de Muqui, localizado no extremo sul do estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil, entre as latitudes 20º50' e 21º01' Sul e longitudes 41º12' e 41º28' Oeste de Greewinch, com área de 327,75 km 2 , foi proposto um estudo a partir de análise utilizando geotecnologias, o qual teve por objetivos delimitar as Áreas de Preservação considerando a legislação ambiental que vigora no município, identificar o uso e ocupação da terra e analisar as áreas de confronto para verificar o grau de degradação, ressaltando a importância de identificarem-se as áreas visando implantar projetos ambientais que promovam ações em busca de um relacionamento sustentável entre homem e ambiente de forma mais eficiente.Palavras-chave: geotecnologia, recursos naturais, legislação ambiental. Land Use and Occupation Analysis of Permanent Preservation Areas in the Municipality of Muqui, Espirito Santo State, Brazil ABSTRACTA study based on geotechnology was carried out to ensure the quality of life and preservation of natural resources in the municipality of Muqui, comprising an area of 327.75 km 2 , located in the extreme south of Espirito Santo state, Brazil (20º 50' , 21º 01' S; 41º 12' , 41º 28' W). The study aimed to define Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA) from the viewpoint of the environmental legislation in force in the municipality; classify land use and occupation; identify and analyze conflict areas; and verify the state of degradation, highlighting the importance of identifying areas in order to automatically deploy projects that could efficiently promote environmental actions in pursuit of a sustainable relationship between humans and the environment.
A map of the risk of bovine cysticercosis occurrence was developed for the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, and it was based in a mathematic model based on following variables: inadequate sewage, bovine population by county, use and occupation of the land and flood risks in GIS environ by means of the ArcGIS/ArcINFO 10.1 program. The work aims to spatially analyze the risk of bovine cysticercosis occurrence in the state of Espírito Santo, by means of risk factors related to cysticercosis and compare with the prevalence obtained from slaughterhouses in the same area. The map of risk showed areas high risk and very high risk located mainly in Ecoporanga, Linhares, counties, where the prevalence from slaughterhouses are low, and in two counties of south macro-region, Presidente Kennedy and Itapemirim, where prevalence from slaughterhouses are higher.
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) is frequently used in the control of animal diseases. In Brazil, the most impacting economical loss in the beef supply chain is bovine cysticercosis. This study focused on assessing the prevalence and geospatial distribution of bovine cysticercosis in 19 Brazilian states. To this, we gathered data from 146,346,244 bovines slaughtered between the years of 2010 and 2015. The observed prevalence was 0.62% (C.I. 0.62-0.63). In total, 30.86% cysticerci were viable, while 69.14% were unviable. Bovine cysticercosis cases had a significant decrease (p<0.05) during this period. The states of Paraná (2.01%; C.I. 2.00-2.02), Santa Catarina (1.96%; C.I. 1.93-2.00), São Paulo (1.77%; C.I. 1.76-1.77), Rio Grande do Sul (1.63%; C.I. 1.60-1.63) and Mato Grosso do Sul (0.80%; C.I. 0.80-0.80) had the highest prevalence values. In some states a significant (p<0.05) decreasing trend was detected in the prevalence. In conclusion, Taenia-saginata-cysticercosis remains endemic in Brazil and interventions are necessary to maintain Brazilian beef competitive in the international food market and improve food safety to population.
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