E-government is a field where oriented practice is considered crucial for its prosperity. Therefore, best practices are considered among the success factors of e-government portals. To this end, e-government maturity models can be used to provide guidance and guidelines to identify those best practices. After an extensive literature review, we have collected both; the e-government portals' best practices and organized them according to their purposes in an e-Government Portals' Best Practice Model (eGPBPM), and the set of 25 maturity models best practices in two separated previous published studies. The eGPBPM is composed of four best practice categories including: back-end, Web design, Web content and external. Moreover, each maturity model has several stages of maturity and each stage include a set of best practices used to rank the maturity of e-government portals. The goal of this paper is to identify the extent to which e-government maturity models are covering the best practices of the eGPBPM. To achieve this goal, a mapping between the maturity models' best practices for each maturity stage and the best practices of the eGPBPM has been performed. Our findings show that although this set of maturity models are used in practice, they include only some of the e-government portals' best practices and none of them have a full coverage of those best practices.

During the software development life cycle, testing is highly needed to assure the quality of the software process and product. For many years, researchers and practitioners came-up with a variety of software tools to automate the testing process.In this paper, we will classify and distribute a set of testing tools over the types of testing (testing methods) for three types of software products (web application, application software, and network protocol). However, the outcomes of this classification are dedicated to the researchers and practitioners in software testing to know which types of testing have no or limited automated tools.

An e-government portal is a website that is offering various useful electronic services to the citizens. With the traditional government portals (offices), the services provided to the citizens need a lot of paperwork and many officers are required to conduct such services, and also the citizens need to be present personally, which means they have to leave their jobs for many hours. Thus, making these services as electronic ones through the web will result in great savings for governmental entities and citizens. This paper exploring the e-government portal's best practices collected from research and industry. Although these best practices exist in the literature, they are not classified or grouped in a logical way. In addition, this paper aims to provide a structured overview of these best practices according to three categories of best practices (i.e., back-end, front-end, and external).

Problem statement: The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published a set of international standards related to the software engineering, such as ISO 12207 and ISO 9126. However, there is a set of cross-references between these two standards. Approach: The ISO 9126 on software product quality and ISO 12207 on software life cycle processes had been analysed to investigate the relationships between them and to make a mapping from the ISO 9126 quality characteristics to the ISO 12207 activities and vers versa. Results: This study presented a set of comments and suggestions to improve the ISO 9126. Conclusion: The weaknesses of the crossreferences between the two ISO standards had been highlighted. In addition, this study provided a number of comments and suggestions to be taken into account on the next version of the ISO 9126 international standard.