The article examines the issues of the legal regime of geoparks, models of organization of geoparks on the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The experience of regulating the creation, management and operation of geoparks in Russia and its subjects, as well as in foreign countries, is studied. Various definitions of the concept of "geopark" are analyzed and the author's definition of a geopark is proposed. Directions for legislative regulation of activities for the creation and organization of geoparks are proposed. It is proposed to consolidate the system of principles of legal regulation in the field of creation, management and development of geoparks and the conservation of geological heritage, as well as to work out the possibility of using public-private partnership in the field of recreation development in relation to land plots of natural monuments included in the geopark. It is noted that the absence of a definitive apparatus, in turn, entails the absence of a legal regime for geoparks, as a result of which problems arise in regulating relations for the rational use and protection of natural objects of geological, tourist, recreational, historical, cultural and other purposes. At the federal and regional levels, due to the lack of legislation on geoparks, there is a need to adopt a legal act that establishes the legal basis for the creation and operation of geoparks in Russia and its constituent entities.
The article analyzes the problems of legal regulation of the provision and conservation of geological diversity in geoparks of the Russian Federation. Some issues of the legal regime of geoparks, the role of the local population in the development of geological objects located on the territory of geoparks, and the preservation of the geological heritage in these territories are investigated. The thesis is revealed that the high level of geological diversity of the Russian Federation makes it difficult to develop specific criteria related to the actions and extent of the conservation of the geological heritage in Russia. The issue of geological conservation in Geoparks is an unresolved issue. Available legal and administrative instruments can suggest ways to develop geological conservation, as well as the proper application of strategies related to planning processes for the use of Geopark resources.
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