Анотація. У статті розглянуто процеси становлення соціального страхування, обґрунтовано істотну роль його державного регулювання. Розроблено концептуальний підхід до виокремлення системи соціального страхування як окремого сегмента відносин у системі соціальної сфери держави та провідного інструменту державної соціальної політики, що являє собою сукупність елементів і взаємозв'язків між ними, які визначають систему прав, обов'язків і гарантій з надання соціального захисту працездатної частини суспільства, що створює матеріальні і нематеріальні блага. Узагальнено структуру фінансового механізму державного регулювання системи соціального страхування. Доведено, що основною метою державного регулювання в сфері соціального страхування є створення такого механізму, який буде спрямований на раціональне управління відносинами, що виникають в процесі соціального страхування та збалансування інтересів між усіма учасниками процесу соціального страхування. Обґрунтовано роль та значення державного регулювання соціального страхування у поліпшенні фінансового забезпечення соціального захисту населення. Ключові слова: соціальний захист населення, фінансовий механізм регулювання, страхові фонди, системність, ефективність.
Current article considers theoretical approaches to the consistency of the term "social risk", outlines their classification features. The impact on the labor market of quarantine restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic was investigated, the sequence of manifestation of social risks associated with a decrease in the level of economic activity was determined. Ukraine has been in conditions of economic and political instability since 2014, which was the result not only of a “hybrid war” from Russia (the main trading partner at that time), but also of chronic inefficiency of state and corporate governance. The 2020 pandemic only intensified the stagnation of the economy, with an annual GDP contraction of 4%. The labor market has undergone negative changes, basic social indicators have get worse − employment of the population and the level of unemployment; the number of labor migrants abroad has decreased and, accordingly, money transfers from abroad have reduced too; incomes of the population decreased due to a reduce of salary, partial or full loss of job,suspension ortermination of activities of individual entrepreneurs and selfemployed persons. The difference between the number of the active and inactive population is growing, which increases the social pressure on the employed population. Of the 15915.3 thousand employed persons, the number of insured persons was only 12823.5 thousand, while the number of retirees was 11131.0 thousand, that is, the coefficient of demographic dependence of the pension system in Ukraine is 0.87 (the number of retirees per one worker). Disbursement on social payment, excluding pensions, in Ukraine are 8-20 times less than in the closest European neighbors; despite the fact that the number of citizens living below the poverty line is 2-5 times higher than the indicators of neighboring countries. The consequence of the COVID-19 crisis was not only a drop in GDP, but also an increase in the state budget deficit to 5.3% of GDP in 2020 and to 5.5% of GDP in 2021. There is a growing risk that repeated waves of COVID-19 and unacceptably slow roll-out of vaccination will undermine optimistic forecasts for the domestic economy for the next decade.
Introduction. Today there is a need for the application of effective and efficient methods and means of state regulation of the social sphere; which raises to a new level the social protection system in general and the social insurance system in particular. The development of an optimal social insurance system is one of the priorities of the state’s social strategy and should be considered as a subsystem of social protection aimed at overcoming poverty; ensuring the appropriate level and quality of life of the population of Ukraine. Purpose. The main task of the article is to identify the place of financial resources of social insurance in the system of social protection in Ukraine by analyzing current statistical information. Methods. The study is based on operational and system-structural analysis of current statistical information on the accumulation and distribution of budget funds in the social sphere. Quantitative and qualitative comparison; graphical and statistical methods are used to analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the social insurance system. Results. A significant part of the expenditures of social protection of the population in Ukraine is covered by the funds of the obligatory state social insurance; which testifies to its key role in ensuring the social protection of the population of Ukraine. At the same time; the formation of social infrastructure resources is carried out mainly through budget funding; so the constant growth of social expenditures in the consolidated budget of Ukraine does not allow to ensure a high standard of living. Social insurance is characterized by partial self-financing; as it provides for the formation of funds through social contributions; which finance a third of social benefits and other social transfers. Thus; it is an effective tool for ensuring state regulation of the social sphere. Discussion. In the further research it is expedient to focus on studying world practice of formation of effective systems of social insurance for the purpose of search of alternative types of social insurance and their introduction in Ukraine.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.