Introduction/Objectives. The shape and size of the orbital cavity are important parameters in planning surgical interventions and have significance in anthropology and forensic medicine. The aim of this study was to determine the morphometric characteristics of orbital cavity in Serbian population and to examine if there are differences in examined parameters between Serbs and the Roma ethnic group of Serbia. Methods. Using computer tomography and subsequent multiplanar reconstruction we analyzed orbits from 76 Serbian and 18 Roma healthy volunteers. There was no significant difference in age between the ethnicities. Results. The height and width of the left orbit and the height of the right orbit were significantly higher in Roma group, whereas the width of the right orbit was not statistically different between ethnicities. Orbital indices, however, for both left and right orbit did not significantly differ between Serbian and Roma examinees. Right orbital volume did not differ between the groups, but left orbits had significantly larger volumes in Roma population. Finally, biorbital and interorbital width were both significantly higher in Roma than in Serbian examinees. We could not show differences between sexes except for the biorbital width, which had lower values in Serbian, but not Roma women than in men. Conclusion. Taken together, our results indicate larger orbits, as well as greater distances between the eyes in Roma than in Serbian examinees.
Introduction. The optic nerve is supplied by the arterial branches of thesuperficial pial plexus and direct intraneural branches. The aim of the studywas to study the morphological characteristics (origin, number of arteries,calibers, and branching pattern) of perioptic arterial vascularization andintraoptic vascular network of the extracranial sections of the optic nerve:canalicular and intraorbital.Methods. The study included 18 pairs of the optic nerves of both sexes(11 males and 7 females), aged 51 to 78 years, with no signs of changes inthe structures of the nervous system. The vasculature of the optic nerveswas microdissected and examined under the stereoscopic microscope, afterinjecting their arteries with 10% mixture of India ink and gelatin, and5% formaline fixation.Results. The intracanalicular part of the optic nerve received fine bloodvessels from the ophthalmic artery, usually in two branches in 29 (82.9%)cases, while in 6 (17.1%) specimens there was only one branch for thenerve. The intraorbital segment of the optic nerve was supplied by twointerconnected systems of blood vessels, peripheral and axial, both comingfrom the central retinal artery.Conclusion. On the basis of the obtained results, it has been confirmedthat both segments of the optic nerve have a rich and very delicate vascularnetwork. The superficial pial arterial plexus of the intracanalicular segmentof the optic nerve has been identified as the only source of its vascularsupply. The intraorbital part of the optic nerve has two interconnectedsystems of blood vessels: peripheral and axial.
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