The purpose of the suggested article is to analyze the ethno-linguo-conflictogenity of the modern world based on desharmonizing environment of globalization phenomenon in such migrant-capacious and ethnically complex regions, as Tatarstan and Tyumen Region. Today we observe a tendency for blending of dissimilar elements not only in the society, but also in the psychic of a definite person. The authors suggest the ethno-linguo-propaedeutics to solve the stabilization problems in complex polyethnic regions. By the example of the Tatarstan Republic and Tyumen Region, the authors show the definite ways to implement the linguistic and national safety. Separate moments of the studied problem were reflected to some extent in the works of culture experts, sociologists, politologists, philosophers, philologers, psychologists and pedagogues. However, in these materials, the study problems of the linguo-propaedeutics, as a guarantor of state integrity, were either not considered at all, or were presented fragmentarily, without any attempts to analyze it thoroughly. The suggested work presents an attempt to solve these problems in a complex approach. The authors reasonably prove that there is a need in a new approach to analyze the preventive problems of ethnic conflicts, based on linguistic transformation methods of mental space of the linguistic personality. The suggested new construct "poly-linguo-cultural linguistic personality" is developed by the authors based on the analysis of speech behavior of bilinguals in Post-Soviet space, who speak Russian, but many elements in their mental worldview are replaced with the foreign national components, even if the Russian variant is present. The authors, for the first time, suggest a new approach for tolerance formation and prevention of interethnic conflicts; they name it as an ethno-psycho-linguo-propaedeutic approach. The suggested approach covers different levels of competences: it involves the linguistic competence itself, ethnolinguistic and sociolinguistic competences at the linguistic level; it involves psychological and ethnopsychological competences at psychological level; it involves linguo-cross-cultural, culturological and common cultural competences at sociocultural level; it involves communicative, social and pedagogical-propaedeutic competences at the communicative-propaedeutic level. Ethno-linguo-propaedeutic approach suggested and brought into practice by the authors, helps to pass on from the ethnocentrism position to cultural relativism. It opens great horizons for the interested representatives of the whole humanitarian science. The authors suggest using both interactive technologies and vivid training work for linguo-propaedeutics of ethnic conflicts. The achievement of the set aim of modern ethno-linguo-propaedeutics is connected with the solution of the following fundamental tasks: 1) to imagine yourself behind the limits of your own ethnocultural area; 2) to understand and realize the variety of the world, we live in,; 3) to get acquainted with d...
The historical period and the associated cultural structure experienced by the nation in the past leave its more or less discernible imprint in the national mentality, which is, in fact, a series of successively overlapping cultural and historical layers. An integral part of the mentality is a set of values in general and each of its elements separately. To determine the semantic meaning contained in any of the values of the concepts of the era, it is necessary to consider not only the circumstance of this particular epoch, but also the historically preceding evolution of this value in the culture of the people. Proceeding from the above, in this article we have described the history of tuy (the wedding) and related social, legal, economic, religious, magical rites, its role, functions in the social life of the Tatar people. In the Tatar linguistic culture, the wedding expresses not only the universal idea of the transition of people marrying to another age and social status, but also is part of the family-household ritual that fixes the transitional stages of the person's life cycle: birth, marriage, death -gumernen uch tuye (three weddings of life). Many ritual acts performed at the time of marriage have deep historical roots, are repeated from time to time, change their content and meaning, but, nevertheless, despite the loss of their integrity, the tendency to wither away, the simplification of some ritual forms, traditional household rituals, being the most conservative sphere, connected with the field of traditional outlook and psychology, have preserved specific ethnic features.
The study presents an overview of discursive complexology, an integral paradigm of linguistics, cognitive studies and computer linguistics aimed at defining discourse complexity. The article comprises three main parts, which successively outline views on the category of linguistic complexity, history of discursive complexology and modern methods of text complexity assessment. Distinguishing the concepts of linguistic complexity, text and discourse complexity, we recognize an absolute nature of text complexity assessment and relative nature of discourse complexity, determined by linguistic and cognitive abilities of a recipient. Founded in the 19th century, text complexity theory is still focused on defining and validating complexity predictors and criteria for text perception difficulty. We briefly characterize the five previous stages of discursive complexology: formative, classical, period of closed tests, constructive-cognitive and period of natural language processing. We also present the theoretical foundations of Coh-Metrix, an automatic analyzer, based on a five-level cognitive model of perception. Computing not only lexical and syntactic parameters, but also text level parameters, situational models and rhetorical structures, Coh-Metrix provides a high level of accuracy of discourse complexity assessment. We also show the benefits of natural language processing models and a wide range of application areas of text profilers and digital platforms such as LEXILE and ReaderBench. We view parametrization and development of complexity matrix of texts of various genres as the nearest prospect for the development of discursive complexology which may enable a higher accuracy of inter- and intra-linguistic contrastive studies, as well as automating selection and modification of texts for various pragmatic purposes.
In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) epidemic a pandemic and whole education system came to a standstill. An immediate transformation from an offline mode to online mode of teaching learning was needed. Majority of teachers in India were not prepared for digital pedagogy. Regardless of serious difficulties and deep-rooted traditional teaching and learning methods, they quickly involved themselves in their professional learning virtually and adopted the online teaching methods to keep the system going on. Thus, the present study is focused to find the answers of the questions emerged out of this situation such as: (i) how teachers prepared themselves to come forward for gigantic initiative? (ii) How did they learn the digital online techniques? (iii) How the deficiencies of electronic gadgets, such as mobile phones and tablets were arranged in short span of time and made available to all the stakeholders? This is a qualitative study using phenomenological enquiry as an approach, participants were selected with purposive sampling technique and data were collected through the in-depth (semi-structured) interviews of 15 school teachers, 5 school heads, and 5 block education mentors from Punjab state of India. The findings of the study indicated that with continuous motivation, school teachers took the initiative to come forward for digital teaching and learning. Some teachers out of firm professional commitment managed to pursue their professional learning mainly through their own efforts. In addition, the Education Department provided online crash courses to teachers. The clusters of teachers having sound knowledge of technology collaboratively trained the teachers at block levels. Majority of teachers have their own gadgets but underprivileged sections were provided mobiles and tablets by the government and non-government agencies. A quick shift to virtual professional learning resulted in significant improvements in the learning outcomes of students. Hence, the study will motivate the teachers of other states to pursue virtual professional learning to update themselves. Additionally, it suggests that teachers ought to be part of forums, interest groups, and online professional communities to interact with peers and know how the rest of the world is doing with digital education.
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