Head and neck cancers collectively form the sixth most common type of cancer globally, with both incidence and mortality rates continuing on an upward trend (Johnson et al., 2019a(Johnson et al., , 2020Patterson et al., 2020). The burden of disease is not only significant in terms of morbidity and mortality, but also weighs heavily economically (Patterson et al., 2020) and in terms of the quality of life of patients (Johnson et al., 2020;Min Ang et al., 2019). Head and neck cancer includes any malignant neoplasm affecting the lips and oral cavity, any pharyngeal region, the larynx and the major salivary glands: the majority are squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC;Johnson et al., 2019aJohnson et al., , 2020. The anatomical sites most commonly affected are the tongue, accounting for approximately 25%-40%, and the floor of the mouth, accounting for approximately 15%-20% (Johnson et al., 2019a).Common risk factors for HNSCC include consumption of tobacco and/or areca nut, excessive alcohol consumption and viral infections, especially with so-called high-risk genotypes of Human Papilloma
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