JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. University of California Press Duke UniversityWhat information do listeners use to "Name that Tune"? This question was investigated in a two-phase experiment. In Phase 1, the participants heard familiar melodies that were played on a note-by-note basis until they were identified. In Phase 2, each note of the melody was analyzed along a variety of musical dimensions. Multiple regression analyses determined which musical characteristics predicted identification performance. Identification was most strongly associated with notes located at phrase boundaries, notes that completed alternating sequences of rising and falling pitches, and metrically accented notes. As well, identification peaked after listeners heard moderate amounts of information (i.e., 5-7 notes). The data suggest that melody identification is a holistic, all-ornone process and that parallels can be drawn between melody and spoken word identification. Implications for current theories, future research, and the relationship between music perception and melody identification are discussed.