Examined is the experience of loneliness as it relates to selected health conditions and selected economic conditions. The effects on loneliness of age, gender, marital status, number of sons, number of daughters, number of male friends, and number of female friends also were examined and controlled. Results are based on a sample from the Senior Citizens Nutrition and Activities Program in Hillsborough County, Florida. An analysis of covariance showed that greater loneliness was expressed by those older persons who were male, had fewer female friends, and had fewer male friends. Among the main effects, poorer self-rated health, less adequate self-rated economic condition, and being in poverty were related to greater loneliness. The interactions between the main effects variable were unrelated to loneliness. The research sheds new light on the influence on loneliness of older persons' health and economic condition, and of selected demographic and interpersonal relationship variables. This article examines the association between the expression of loneliness and objective and subjective indicators of health and economic condition of older persons. The general hypothesis to be investigated is that poorer health, and poorer economic condition, both objectively and subjectively determined, are related to a greater indication of loneliness. To examine this issue more concisely, the effects of other relevant variables are examined and AUTHORS' NOTE: We would like to thank the participants and the personnel of the Senior Citizens Nutrition and Activities Program in Hillsborough County, Florida for their cooperation and help. Special thanks are given to Gil Machin and Janet Georgas for their ongoing support.
Autonomy, especially of nursing home residents, concerns the essence of values such as personal freedom and independence. This study examines Collopy's six polar dimensions of autonomy from the perspective of 202 nursing home personnel from a sample of 15 nursing homes in West Central Florida. Using regression analysis, autonomy was examined with respect to four catego ries of variables: (a) nursing home staff background factors, for example, education; (b) nursing home staff attitudinal issues, for example, job satisfaction; (c) staffing issues, for example, turn over rates of nurses; and (d) formal facility and resident characteristics, for example, percentage of residents physically restrained. The results confirm that autonomy is a complex construct with considerable subtlety. The most predictive set of variables overall include race, educational at tainment, and employee type (i.e., certified nursing assistants vs. others). The results are dis cussed with respect to their implications for care.
Building upon prior research, this study investigates characteristics of participants in a senior nutrition program in Hillsborough County, Florida. The Senior Citizens Nutrition and Activities Program serves approximately 2,600 meals per day to county residents 60 years of age and over. In this study, a sample of 1,071 participants are surveyed for background characteristics, interpersonal relationships and emotional closeness, health and economic condition, emotional condition, and participation in the program. Crosstabular analyses are performed on the collected data with age, sex, and race controlled. The results indicate that the program is reaching its goals of promoting good health among the older population of Hillsborough County by providing nutritious meals and reducing social isolation, which often accompanies aging.
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