Synthesis of biodiesel through transesterification of vegetable oil with methanol has been experimentally studied in different types of microreactors though detailed numerical simulation has not yet been presented. The capillary microreactor has the potential to greatly intensify mass transfer between immiscible fluids that would result in higher chemical reaction rates. A segmented flow pattern of oil and methanol forms within the reactor. It has been shown experimentally that the two phase flow has dramatic benefits on the intensification of mass transfer and heat transfer. Such reactors have been proposed for the synthesis of biodiesel and detailed understanding of flow dynamics and chemical kinetics would be useful for process optimization. This paper presents a mathematical model and numerical solution for the synthesis of biodiesel in a capillary reactor. The model represents the unsteady incompressible viscous non-equilibrium chemically reacting flow. The equations are discretized with the finite element method (FEM) and solved to demonstrate the flow behavior and concentration distribution of each chemical species within two phases; different residence time will be obtained with different volume flow rate as well. Information about efficient computational treatment of the model will also be presented.
The hybrid Biomass gasification-Thermoelectric system (BG-TES) is full renewable energy system. Hybrid system was integrated with biomass gasifier and thermoelectric power generation. To illustrate, the rice husk was used to be the alternative fuel in a biomass gasifier and TE generated electric energy for air flow into gasification system. BG-TE system was developed and analyzed in variations of air flow rates in order to show the efficiency of the system. In this study, the different air flow rates were tested of 2.03x10-3, 2.15x10-3 and 2.44x10-3 m3/s with using rice husk 1.2 kg per once operated. The optimum operation condition was considered by comparing between thermal efficiency and air flow rates of BG-TES. The result has been shown that 2.435 x 10-3 m3/s is optimum flow rate for gasification system. It could be generating maximum producer gas which system was operated about 40 minute. Biomass gasification system had 19.43% of thermal efficiency Whereas the conversion efficiency of the TE power generator was around 2.42%. According to the biomass energy, the rice husk is not only the alternative fuel but it is also abundant in remote area. Therefore, the rice husk is one of the promising fuels that can be used to replace the LPG in the lacking power area. The rice husk at one operation was replaced LPG about 0.2 kgLPG. In conclusion, BG-TES using rich husk is the alternative system that can be suitable for lacking power area.
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