Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) invented by Kary Mullis (1983), has become the centrepiece of molecular detection of various infectious diseases including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Many developing countries like Nepal faces various challenges and grab many future opportunities during and after establishment of molecular PCR laboratories throughout the country. This viewpoint describes the involvement of laboratory employees, development and adoption of new protocols or framework, deliberate partnership with national and international community is very efficient for the establishment of PCR laboratories. Beside this, continued alliance and nation leadership is crucial to generate a unified and sustainable PCR laboratory network in the country like Nepal. In future the established PCR laboratories can be utilized for the diagnosis of others pandemic diseases and can be used for multipurpose like in verification of infectious diseases; Oncology; Blood test; Genetic testing.
Considerable increase in the prevalence and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas has been observed with towering morbidity and mortality. As a consequence of the haphazard use of antimicrobials, the spread of antimicrobial resistance is now a global issue. This study aimed to access the distribution rate and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Pseudomonas species isolated from various clinical specimens in Kathmandu Model Hospital, Nepal. During the study period, 1252 samples were collected, cultured and the organism was isolated and identified. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. Out of 1252 samples, 28 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas species were isolated. The highest number of Pseudomonas spp. was isolated from swab samples that included pus, ear, and wound (46.4 %). Pseudomonas spp. demonstrated marked resistance against cefixime (96.4 %) and showed higher sensitivity to piperacillin/tazobactam (92.9 %). The result showed pus, wound exudates, ear discharges samples exhibit Pseudomonas as common etiology of infection. Pseudomonas spp. demonstrated highest sensitivity against piperacillin/tazobactam, amikacin, meropenem, gentamycin. The steady resistance of Pseudomonas spp. to most of the antibiotics, necessitates these drugs to be confined to extreme infections and hospital intensive care units to circumvent the speedy emergence of resistant strains.
Dengue virus (DENV) is spread mostly by biting by the infected female mosquitoes of the species Aedes aegypti, that are commonly found in tropical and subtropical zones of globe. Some studies have shown that nearly fifty percent of the globe are susceptible to DENV. Most infections by DENV are asymptomatic. Clinical infections vary from mild fever to serious diseases including hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. The main objective of this study was to estimate DENV infection by rapid diagnostic (RDTs) kit methods in a tertiary care setting. This retrospective study was done at Crimson Hospital, Butwal, Nepal from June to November 2019. Serum samples of all dengue fever suspected patients were tested for DENV antigen as Dengue nonstructural protein 1(NS1) and DENV specific antibodies as IgM and IgG by using World Health Organization Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) certified rapid solid phase immunochromatographic method. All laboratory test results were tabulated by using MS-Excel and analyzed by statistical package for the Social Sciences software version 20. Out of 821 samples tested, 518 were positive, including 322 (62.16%) reactive for dengue NS1 Protein, 121 (23.35%) for IgM, 62 (11.96%) for IgG and 13 (2.50%) were positive for both IgG and IgM antibodies. Our study showed high prevalence of dengue infection during monsoon to post-monsoon and the infection rate was higher in males (71.72%) than in females (53.36%). According to our findings, DENV infection is prevalent in Butwal, Nepal. Early diagnosis, better case management, faster public health response and effective health policy towards the control of mosquito vectors may reduce the dengue burden and must be implemented in Nepal.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.