Polymerized ionic-liquids (PILs) are promising materials whose ionic properties can be tuned based on their chemistry. By incorporating PILs into block copolymer (BCP) structures, it is possible to provide complementary functionality (i.e., structural stability) and transport tunability to ionconducting materials. In this study, we describe the selfassembly and conductivity of novel poly(styrene-blockhistamine methacrylamide) diblock copolymers (PS-b-PHMA) and the resulting PS-b-PIL derivatives obtained after treatment with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). These materials selfassemble into ordered BCP structures with tunable domain sizes as demonstrated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). PS-b-PHMA membranes show conductivities up to 2 × 10 −4 S/cm at room temperature, which increase by an order of magnitude in the presence of acid. In addition, both PHMA-and PIL-based membranes exhibit lower water uptake (λ = 4−6 and 8−10, respectively) in comparison with most proton conducting membranes reported elsewhere. The low water content in these membranes translates into a stronger effect of morphology on transport behavior, resulting in a measurable increase in ion conductivity as a function of conducting channel size.
The burn injury hazard of fabrics has been conceptually related to laboratory test methods. The relation is to be derived from the description of the relevant processes which lead to burn injury. Among these processes stand out the ignition, the burn and the tissue denaturalization processes as predominately deterministic because of predictable fabric response.Presented here are the results of an experimental and analytical investigation into the fabric ignition process. Thermophysical fabric properties relevant to the description of the ignition process have been presented. Fabric ignition times were measured under radiative heating. Modeling rules for the ignition process are presented.
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