Original citationRegan , we never before had such opportunities to sense and analyse the environment around us. However, the challenges exist. While measurement and detection of environmental pollutants can be successful under laboratorycontrolled conditions, continuous in-situ monitoring remains one of the most challenging aspects of environmental sensing. This paper describes the development and test of a multi-sensor hetrogenous real-time water monitoring system. A multi-sensor system was deployed in the River Lee Co. Cork, Ireland to monitor water quality parameters such as pH, temperature, conductivity, turbidity and dissolved oxygen. The R. Lee comprises of a tidal water system that provides an interesting test site to monitor. The multi-sensor system set-up is described and results of the sensor deployment and the various challenges are discussed.
A miniaturised wireless sensor node with a high level of modularity is presented. A transceiver module with a size of 10mm by 10mm, operating in the 433/868MHz frequency bands has been developed. An interface layer provides a regulated power supply from a rechargeable battery, USB battery charging, and USB communications to support the transceiver module. The node has been designed to support very low power operation for applications with low duty cycles, with a sleep current of 3.3µA, transmission current of 10.4mA, and reception current of 13.3mA. The small size combined with the level of modularity and energy efficiency results in the suitability of this system to a wide variety of potential applications. This paper discusses the design goals of the node, the decisions made during the design process, and characterisation of the resulting implementation.
This paper presents the design and development of a miniaturized, modular, system platform with fully integrated battery for wireless sensor nodes. It uses commercial off-the-shelf components and overcomes many of the limitations that attach to more conventional wireless sensor nodes based on planar vertical stacking of circuit boards. The platform is based around a plastic cubic framework that also acts as a receptacle for the battery. Six printed circuit boards (PCBs), interconnected with flex-PCB, are folded around the six faces of the cube, with two of the PCBs making contact with the two terminals of the battery. The sensor node architecture is partitioned in a modular fashion so that the main node circuit blocks (power, sensors, processing, and communications) are allocated to the individual PCBs on the six faces of the cube. Each of the PCBs has a common edge-connection layout, and each of the flex tapes joining the PCBs is identical in layout, giving a common "bus" between the PCBs. This makes it easy to change any of the individual circuit blocks without having to redesign the whole system. The use of a cube also means that the sensors and antenna can each be on an external face of the node instead of being limited to the two external faces typical of planar vertical stacks. The functionality of the platform is verified by the design, assembly, and testing of a four-sensor environment sensing node working at 868 MHz.Index Terms-Flex-rigid wireless sensor node, integrated battery, wireless sensor networks, wireless sensor packaging.
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